Diabetes in pregnancy puts the fetus at risk in several ways.
Nurses should be aware that:.
With good control of maternal glucose levels, sudden and unexplained stillbirth is no longer a major concern.
The most important cause of perinatal loss in diabetic pregnancy is congenital malformations.
Infants of mothers with diabetes have the same risks for respiratory distress syndrome because of careful monitoring.
At birth, the neonate of a diabetic mother is no longer at any greater risk.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
With good control of maternal glucose levels, sudden and unexplained stillbirth is no longer a major concern. While controlling maternal glucose levels is important in diabetic pregnancies, it does not eliminate all risks, including the risk of stillbirth. However, the most significant cause of perinatal loss in diabetic pregnancies is congenital malformations. Poorly controlled diabetes during pregnancy can lead to structural abnormalities in the fetus, increasing the risk of perinatal loss.
Choice B rationale:
The most important cause of perinatal loss in diabetic pregnancy is congenital malformations. This is the correct answer. Poorly controlled diabetes increases the risk of congenital malformations in the fetus, making it a significant concern in diabetic pregnancies. Proper management of diabetes and prenatal care are essential to reduce this risk.
Choice C rationale:
Infants of mothers with diabetes have the same risks for respiratory distress syndrome because of careful monitoring. Infants of mothers with diabetes are at an increased risk of respiratory distress syndrome due to delayed lung maturation. Careful monitoring is essential, but it does not eliminate this risk. Proper management and timely interventions are necessary to minimize the impact of respiratory distress syndrome in these infants.
Choice D rationale:
At birth, the neonate of a diabetic mother is no longer at any greater risk. Infants of diabetic mothers are at increased risk for various complications, both during and after birth. These risks include hypoglycemia, respiratory distress syndrome, and hypocalcemia, among others. Close monitoring and appropriate interventions are required to ensure the well-being of the newborn.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A brilliant, uniform red reflex observed during a funduscopic examination is a normal finding. It indicates the absence of any abnormalities in the retina or lens. A normal red reflex is essential in ruling out serious conditions such as retinoblastoma, cataracts, or other eye abnormalities.
Choice B rationale:
An abnormal red reflex, especially if it is not uniform and brilliant, could indicate underlying eye conditions and would require referral to an ophthalmologist for further evaluation. However, in this scenario, the description provided indicates a normal finding, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C rationale:
A uniform red reflex does not suggest a possible visual defect that requires vision screening. A normal red reflex indicates the absence of significant visual abnormalities, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D rationale:
Small hemorrhages in the eye would not present as a brilliant, uniform red reflex. Hemorrhages typically appear as dark spots or patches and would be an abnormal finding requiring further evaluation. This choice is incorrect in the context of the described scenario.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
An Apgar score of 10 at 1 minute after birth indicates that the infant is in excellent condition, adjusting well to extrauterine life, and requires no further testing or interventions at that moment. The Apgar score assesses the baby's heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflexes, and color, with a maximum score of 10. An Apgar score of 10 suggests that the baby is pink, has a heart rate above 100 beats per minute, exhibits strong cries, has active motion, and demonstrates good muscle tone.
Choice B rationale:
An Apgar score of 10 does not indicate severe distress requiring resuscitation. A low Apgar score (typically below 7) at 1 minute may prompt further evaluation and interventions to support the baby's transition to extrauterine life.
Choice C rationale:
While a high Apgar score is reassuring, it does not predict a future free of neurologic problems. The Apgar score assesses the baby's current condition and provides a snapshot of their overall well-being at birth.
Choice D rationale:
Although the Apgar score is assessed at 1 and 5 minutes after birth, a score of 10 at 1 minute suggests that the baby is doing well at that moment. However, the baby should still be assessed again at 5 minutes to ensure continued stability and appropriate interventions if necessary.
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