During a group therapy session, a nurse notes several clients using multiple defense mechanisms. Which of the following client statements demonstrates the maladaptive use of regression?

"I don't care about work anymore since I was not given a promotion"

"I wrote a short story about a heroic woman when I was really mad at my boss."

" I still cannot remember the scene of my husband's car accident"

"I mentally separate myself from distractions around me when I paint on canvas. "

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "I don't care about work anymore since I was not given a promotion":

This statement demonstrates the maladaptive use of regression. Regression involves reverting to an earlier stage of development in the face of unacceptable thoughts or impulses. In this case, the client's response to not receiving a promotion is to display a lack of interest in work, which can be seen as regressing to a less mature coping mechanism.

B. "I wrote a short story about a heroic woman when I was really mad at my boss."

This statement describes the defense mechanism of sublimation rather than regression. Sublimation involves channeling unacceptable impulses or emotions into more socially acceptable activities or behaviors. In this case, the client channels their anger into writing a short story, which is a constructive and creative outlet.

C. "I still cannot remember the scene of my husband's car accident":

This statement does not demonstrate regression. Instead, it suggests repression, which involves the unconscious blocking of unpleasant memories, thoughts, or feelings from conscious awareness. The client's inability to remember the scene of the accident may indicate repression as a defense mechanism.

D. "I mentally separate myself from distractions around me when I paint on canvas."

This statement describes the defense mechanism of dissociation rather than regression. Dissociation involves a disconnection between a person's thoughts, identity, consciousness, or memory. In this case, the client mentally separates themselves from distractions while painting, which is a form of dissociative coping.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A) Congenital anomalies: Congenital anomalies, also known as birth defects, are structural or functional abnormalities present at birth. They can affect any part of the body and may cause physical or developmental disabilities, as well as contribute to infant mortality. These anomalies can result from genetic factors, environmental exposures during pregnancy, or a combination of both. Preventive measures such as prenatal care, genetic counseling, and maternal health promotion play crucial roles in reducing the incidence and impact of congenital anomalies.

B) Respiratory distress: While respiratory distress can be a significant concern in newborns, especially those born prematurely or with certain medical conditions, it is not the leading cause of death among infants. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurs primarily in premature infants due to immature lung development and surfactant deficiency, requiring supportive care and sometimes mechanical ventilation to manage.

C) Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): SIDS is the sudden and unexplained death of an otherwise healthy infant, typically occurring during sleep. While SIDS is a devastating tragedy and a major public health concern, it is not the leading cause of death among infants. Strategies to reduce the risk of SIDS include placing infants on their backs to sleep, avoiding soft bedding and overheating, and promoting a safe sleep environment.

D) Low birth weight: Low birth weight, defined as a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams (5.5 pounds), is associated with an increased risk of neonatal complications and long-term health issues. While low birth weight infants may face various health challenges, including respiratory problems and developmental delays, low birth weight itself is not the leading cause of death among infants. Efforts to reduce low birth weight include prenatal care, nutrition support, and management of maternal risk factors such as smoking and substance abuse.

A. Limit time for the client to perform activities. B. Talk the client through tasks one step at a time C. Provide an activity schedule that changes from day to day D. Rotate assignment of daily caregivers

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Limit time for the client to perform activities. This intervention is not appropriate for a client with Alzheimer's disease. Limiting time for activities may increase agitation and frustration in individuals with cognitive impairments. Instead, it's important to allow adequate time for tasks and provide support as needed.

B. Talk the client through tasks one step at a time. This intervention is appropriate for a client with Alzheimer's disease. Breaking tasks into manageable steps and providing clear, simple instructions can help the client better understand and complete activities. This approach reduces confusion and frustration and promotes independence to the extent possible.

C. Provide an activity schedule that changes from day to day. Consistency is key in caring for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. A changing activity schedule may lead to increased confusion and disorientation. It's important to establish a routine and maintain consistency in daily activities and schedules to provide a sense of security and familiarity for the client.

D. Rotate assignment of daily caregivers. Consistency in caregiver assignments is essential for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Changing caregivers frequently can disrupt the client's sense of security and increase confusion and anxiety. Continuity of care helps build trust and rapport between the client and caregivers, which is beneficial for the client's overall well-being.

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During a group therapy session, a nurse notes several clients using multiple defense mechanisms. Which of the following client statements demonstrates the maladaptive use of regression?

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