During a home visit, a nurse is assessing the nutritional awareness of an older adult patient who lives alone. The nurse is most effective in obtaining objective information when:

observing the patient eat a meal that he or she has prepared

reviewing the components of a healthy diet with the patient

asking to see what types of foods the patient keeps readily available

asking the patient to describe what he or she ate for all three meals yesterday

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Observing the patient eat a meal that he or she has prepared provides the nurse with direct, objective information about the patient's nutritional intake. This can help the nurse assess the patient's food choices, portion sizes, and overall dietary habits.
B.   While this can be helpful in educating the patient about nutrition, it does not provide direct information about the patient's actual dietary habits.
C.   This can provide some insight into the patient's dietary habits, but it may not be a complete picture, as the patient may not eat everything they have on hand.
D.   This can provide some information about the patient's dietary intake, but it may be difficult for the patient to recall everything they ate, especially if their memory is impaired.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This activity involves assessing individuals for high blood pressure, which is a common risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Blood pressure screening is a classic example of secondary prevention because it aims to detect hypertension early so that it can be managed before complications, such as heart disease or stroke, develop. This activity is appropriate for secondary prevention as it helps identify those with undiagnosed hypertension and provides an opportunity for early intervention.
B. Fitting glasses addresses a specific need related to vision but does not primarily focus on early detection or intervention for diseases. It falls more under the category of tertiary prevention, which aims to manage existing conditions and prevent further complications or disabilities. While improving vision is beneficial, this activity does not primarily fit the secondary prevention model of detecting disease early in asymptomatic individuals.
C. This activity is an example of primary prevention, not secondary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent diseases before they occur, such as through vaccination to prevent influenza. Although flu vaccines are important for public health, they do not fit the secondary prevention model, which is concerned with early detection and intervention for existing or developing health issues.
D. This activity is also an example of primary prevention. Teaching about sun exposure risks aims to prevent skin cancer by promoting behaviors that reduce the risk of developing the disease. It focuses on educating people to avoid sunburns and protect their skin to prevent skin cancer from developing in the first place. Thus, it does not fit the secondary prevention model.

A. Patients mental status B. All pertinent nursing care C. Visitors the patient had during the shift D. Status of lung sounds E. The patients favorite TV shows

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. The patient's mental status is crucial for understanding their current cognitive and emotional condition. This information helps the incoming nurse assess whether there have been any changes or concerns regarding the patient's orientation, mood, or cognitive function.
B. Documenting all pertinent nursing care provides a comprehensive overview of what has been done for the patient during the shift, including any treatments, medications administered, and changes in the patient's condition.
C. While knowing who visited the patient might be relevant in some contexts, it is generally not a core component of clinical shift reports unless the visitors' presence impacted patient care or the patient’s condition. This information is usually not necessary for the shift report unless it directly affects the
patient’s care or treatment, such as if a visitor brought important information or had a significant impact on the patient.

D. The status of lung sounds is a specific aspect of the patient's physical assessment and can indicate respiratory issues or improvements. This data is necessary if the patient has a respiratory condition or if there have been recent changes in their respiratory status. It helps the incoming nurse evaluate the effectiveness of treatments and ongoing respiratory care.
E. Information about the patient's favorite TV shows is not relevant to clinical care and does not impact
the patient’s health status or the nursing interventions required. This information is not necessary for
the shift report as it does not contribute to the patient’s medical or care needs.

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During a home visit, a nurse is assessing the nutritional awareness of an older adult patient who lives alone. The nurse is most effective in obtaining objective information when:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse wishes to participate in a community secondary prevention activity. Which activity does the nurse choose?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

What data are necessary to compile an effective end-of-shift report? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

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