During a visit to the clinic, a patient complains that her legs feel heavy in the calf. The nurse assesses that the patient has dilated, tortuous veins apparent in her lower legs. Which condition is reflected by these findings?

Deep-vein thrombophlebitis

Varicose veins

Peripheral artery disease

Chronic lymphedema

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Deep-vein thrombophlebitis involves deep vein inflammation and clotting, causing pain, swelling, and warmth, but not typically visible dilated veins. The described tortuous veins are superficial, not deep, making this an incorrect diagnosis for the findings.

Choice B reason: Varicose veins are dilated, tortuous superficial veins, often in the lower legs, causing heaviness or aching. These result from venous insufficiency, leading to blood pooling, which matches the patient’s visible veins and symptoms, making this correct.

Choice C reason: Peripheral artery disease causes reduced arterial blood flow, leading to pain, pallor, or claudication, not dilated veins. The visible tortuous veins suggest a venous issue, not arterial, making this an incorrect condition for the findings.

Choice D reason: Chronic lymphedema causes swelling due to lymphatic fluid accumulation, typically without dilated veins. The patient’s tortuous veins and heaviness point to venous pathology, not lymphatic, making this an incorrect diagnosis for the described symptoms.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Dorsiflexion and toe fanning indicate a Babinski sign, a reflex test, not Romberg’s sign. Romberg’s sign involves balance issues with closed eyes, so this is incorrect for the neurological assessment.

Choice B reason: A positive Romberg’s sign is observed when a patient sways significantly or loses balance when standing with feet together and eyes closed, indicating impaired proprioception or cerebellar function. This is the correct observation for the test.

Choice C reason: Rhythmic eye twitching (nystagmus) is unrelated to Romberg’s test, which assesses balance. Swaying with closed eyes defines a positive Romberg’s, sign, so this is incorrect for the outcome.

Choice D reason: Inability to point fingers to a reference tests coordination, not the Romberg’s test, which focuses on balance with eyes closed. Significant swaying is the correct sign, so this is incorrect.

A. Let’s check with the physician to see if you are a candidate for this vaccine B. This vaccine is only for girls who have not yet started to become sexually active C. The vaccine cannot protect you now that you already have an HPV infection D. The HPV vaccine is for girls and women ages 9 to 26 years, so we can start that today

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Checking with the physician delays addressing the patient’s misunderstanding. The HPV vaccine does not treat existing infections or warts, as it is preventive, making this response less direct and informative than needed.

Choice B reason: The HPV vaccine is not limited to those not yet sexually active; it is recommended up to age 26, even for those with sexual history. This statement is outdated and incorrect, as vaccination can still benefit some with prior exposure.

Choice C reason: The HPV vaccine prevents new HPV infections but does not treat existing infections or genital warts, which are caused by specific HPV strains. Since the patient already has warts, the vaccine won’t help, making this the correct response.

Choice D reason: While the HPV vaccine is approved for ages 9–26, it does not treat existing infections or warts. Starting it without clarifying its preventive role misleads the patient, making this an incorrect and misleading response.

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During a visit to the clinic, a patient complains that her legs feel heavy in the calf. The nurse assesses that the patient has dilated, tortuous veins apparent in her lower legs. Which condition is reflected by these findings?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a patient and elicits a positive Romberg’s sign. What observation by the nurse determines this outcome?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

During a health history, a 22-year-old woman asks, “Can I get that vaccine for human papilloma virus (HPV)? I have genital warts and I’d like them to go away!” What is the nurse’s best response?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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