The provider has ordered 180 mg of Dilantin PO every 8 hours. The label of the drug reads 250 mg per 5 ml. How many milliliters will the nurse administer per dose?
3.6 ml
4.5 ml
5 ml
7 ml
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: To calculate the dose, divide the ordered 180 mg by the concentration of 250 mg per 5 ml: (180 mg ÷ 250 mg) × 5 ml = 0.72 × 5 = 3.6 ml. This precise calculation ensures the correct amount of Dilantin is administered, matching the provider’s order.
Choice B reason: A 4.5 ml dose would deliver 225 mg (4.5 ml × 250 mg/5 ml), exceeding the ordered 180 mg. This overdose could increase the risk of toxicity, as Dilantin has a narrow therapeutic range, making this an incorrect choice.
Choice C reason: A 5 ml dose delivers 250 mg (5 ml × 250 mg/5 ml), significantly more than the ordered 180 mg. This excessive dose could lead to adverse effects like ataxia or nystagmus, rendering this choice incorrect for the prescribed amount.
Choice D reason: A 7 ml dose would provide 350 mg (7 ml × 250 mg/5 ml), far exceeding the ordered 180 mg. Such a high dose could cause severe toxicity, including neurological symptoms, making this an inappropriate and unsafe choice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Saying “That must be terrible” and suggesting a pinched nerve is dismissive and assumes a cause without assessment. Exploring the pain’s impact gathers critical data, so this is incorrect for an appropriate response.
Choice B reason: Asking about family reactions shifts focus from the patient’s experience and is less relevant initially. Assessing how the pain affects daily activities provides functional insight, so this is not the best response for pain assessment.
Choice C reason: Sharing personal experience can seem empathetic, but it this risks bias and doesn’t assess the patient’s pain. Asking about daily activity impact is more patient-centered, so this is incorrect for professional response.
Choice D reason: Asking how pain affects daily activities encourages the patient to describe the pain’s severity and impact, aiding assessment and planning. This open-ended, patient-focused response is therapeutic, making it the correct choice for the nurse’s reply.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Superficial tenderness is assessed with light palpation, which evaluates surface sensitivity. Deep palpation probes deeper structures, like organs, and is not primarily for detecting superficial pain, making this an incorrect rationale.
Choice B reason: Bowel motility is assessed via auscultation, which detects bowel sounds, not palpation. Deep palpation evaluates organ size or masses, not dynamic motility, making this an incorrect purpose for the technique.
Choice C reason: The overall impression of skin and superficial musculature is gained through inspection and light palpation. Deep palpation targets deeper structures like organs, not surface characteristics, making this an incorrect rationale.
Choice D reason: Deep palpation is used to assess for enlarged organs, such as hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, by probing deeper abdominal structures. This allows detection of abnormal masses or organ sizes, making this the correct rationale.
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