During auscultation of the lungs, the nurse expects decreased breath sounds to be heard in which situation?

When adventitious sounds are present

When the bronchial tree is obstructed

In conjunction with whispered pectoriloquy

In conditions of consolidation, such as pneumonia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Adventitious sounds (e.g., wheezing, crackles, or stridor) are abnormal sounds that may be heard in addition to breath sounds. They do not specifically correlate with decreased breath sounds.
B.   When there is obstruction in the bronchial tree (such as in conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or a foreign body obstruction), the airflow is reduced, leading to decreased breath sounds in the affected areas.
C.   Whispered pectoriloquy refers to hearing whispered sounds through the stethoscope, which would be more clearly heard with consolidation or lung tissue becoming more solid (e.g., in pneumonia), not with decreased breath sounds.
D.   In consolidation (such as pneumonia), breath sounds are typically increased or bronchial, not decreased. The consolidation makes the lung tissue more solid, which can amplify breath sounds.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Tympany is a high-pitched sound typically heard over a hollow organ such as the stomach.
B. Hyperresonance is often heard in patients with COPD, as the lungs are hyperinflated, leading to an increased resonance when percussed.
C. Resonance is normal and would be heard in healthy, air-filled lungs.
D. Dullness would suggest a solid or fluid-filled area, which is not typical of COPD unless there is a complication like pleural effusion.

A. Atrioventricular (AV) node B. Bundle branches C. Bundle of His D. Sinoatrial (SA) node

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Atrioventricular (AV) node: The AV node conducts electrical signals from the atria to the ventricles, but it is not the pacemaker of the heart.
B. Bundle branches: The bundle branches transmit the electrical impulses to the ventricles but are not the primary pacemaker.
C. Bundle of His: The Bundle of His conducts electrical signals from the AV node to the bundle branches and ventricles but does not act as the pacemaker.
D. Sinoatrial (SA) node: The SA node, located in the right atrium, is the primary pacemaker of the heart, initiating electrical impulses that regulate heart rhythm.

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During auscultation of the lungs, the nurse expects decreased breath sounds to be heard in which situation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse percusses a client with COPD and expects to hear:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

What component of the conduction system is referred to as the pacemaker of the heart?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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