During auscultation of the lungs, the nurse expects decreased breath sounds to be heard in which situation?

When adventitious sounds are present

When the bronchial tree is obstructed

In conjunction with whispered pectoriloquy

In conditions of consolidation, such as pneumonia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Adventitious sounds (e.g., wheezing, crackles, or stridor) are abnormal sounds that may be heard in addition to breath sounds. They do not specifically correlate with decreased breath sounds.
B.   When there is obstruction in the bronchial tree (such as in conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or a foreign body obstruction), the airflow is reduced, leading to decreased breath sounds in the affected areas.
C.   Whispered pectoriloquy refers to hearing whispered sounds through the stethoscope, which would be more clearly heard with consolidation or lung tissue becoming more solid (e.g., in pneumonia), not with decreased breath sounds.
D.   In consolidation (such as pneumonia), breath sounds are typically increased or bronchial, not decreased. The consolidation makes the lung tissue more solid, which can amplify breath sounds.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Normally auscultated over the trachea refers to bronchial breath sounds, which are louder and higher-pitched and heard over the trachea, not the lower lungs.
B. Vesicular breath sounds and normal in that location are low-pitched and soft, heard over the peripheral lung fields, and normal for the lower lobes.
C. Bronchial breath sounds and normal in that location would be expected near the trachea and bronchi, not over the peripheral lung fields.
D. Bronchovesicular breath sounds and normal in that location are typically heard over the major bronchi, not the posterior lower lobes.

A. Timing B. Radiation C. Fremitus D. Egophony E. Location

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

A. The timing of the murmur (systolic or diastolic) is an essential component of murmur assessment. It
helps in determining the cause of the murmur, whether it’s related to heart valves or flow.
B. Radiation refers to where the murmur can be heard best, or if it radiates to other parts of the chest or neck, helping to indicate the origin of the murmur.
C. Fremitus is a term used to describe the vibrations felt on the chest wall when a person speaks, which is unrelated to heart murmurs.
D. Egophony refers to an abnormal lung sound heard during auscultation and is not relevant to the assessment of a heart murmur.
E. The location where the murmur is heard best on the chest wall is crucial in determining its origin, such as whether it is coming from the aortic or mitral valve.

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During auscultation of the lungs, the nurse expects decreased breath sounds to be heard in which situation?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When auscultating the lungs of an adult patient, the nurse notes that low-pitched, soft breath sounds are heard over the posterior lower lobes, with inspiration being longer than expiration. The nurse interprets that these sounds are:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A heart murmur should be assessed for which of the following? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

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