During auscultation of the lungs, the nurse expects decreased breath sounds to be heard in which situation?

When adventitious sounds are present

When the bronchial tree is obstructed

In conjunction with whispered pectoriloquy

In conditions of consolidation, such as pneumonia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Adventitious sounds (e.g., wheezing, crackles, or stridor) are abnormal sounds that may be heard in addition to breath sounds. They do not specifically correlate with decreased breath sounds.
B.   When there is obstruction in the bronchial tree (such as in conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or a foreign body obstruction), the airflow is reduced, leading to decreased breath sounds in the affected areas.
C.   Whispered pectoriloquy refers to hearing whispered sounds through the stethoscope, which would be more clearly heard with consolidation or lung tissue becoming more solid (e.g., in pneumonia), not with decreased breath sounds.
D.   In consolidation (such as pneumonia), breath sounds are typically increased or bronchial, not decreased. The consolidation makes the lung tissue more solid, which can amplify breath sounds.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Ulcer refers to a wound with a loss of epidermis and dermis, often irregular and deeper, potentially bleeding.
B. Erosion involves a shallow loss of the epidermis only, not extending into the dermis.
C. Nodule is a solid, raised lesion that is typically firm and not ulcerated.
D. Cyst is a sac-like structure containing fluid or semi-solid material, not a wound with loss of tissue.

A. Improper positioning B. Fatigue or weakness C. Respiratory distress D. Increased comfort and relaxation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Improper positioning does not apply in this case; the position described is often associated with respiratory distress.
B. Fatigue or weakness may be present, but the described position is more indicative of difficulty breathing.
C. Respiratory distress is suggested by the patient leaning forward, which is a common position for patients with shortness of breath as it helps expand the lungs and ease breathing.
D. Increased comfort and relaxation is unlikely; this position is more often associated with discomfort and difficulty breathing.

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During auscultation of the lungs, the nurse expects decreased breath sounds to be heard in which situation?

Nursing Test Bank

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