During bone repair, which cells are most important in forming the initial callus?
osteoclasts
osteochondral replacement cells
osteoblasts
osteochondral progenitor cells
chondroclasts
The Correct Answer is D
A. osteoclasts
Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption, not formation. They help remodel the bone later in healing but don’t form the callus.
B. osteochondral replacement cells
Not a standard term. Possibly a misnomer. The relevant cells are progenitors, not “replacement cells.”
C. osteoblasts
Osteoblasts lay down new bone but are not the first cells involved in forming the soft (fibrocartilaginous) callus during early healing.
D. osteochondral progenitor cells
These stem-like cells differentiate into both chondroblasts and osteoblasts, and are crucial in forming the initial callus (a mix of cartilage and woven bone) during bone repair.
E. chondroclasts
Chondroclasts break down cartilage. They are not involved in callus formation, but in later remodeling.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. growth hormone
Deficiency in GH during childhood leads to dwarfism or delayed growth, so it’s definitely a suspect in short stature.
B. thyroid hormone
Thyroid hormone plays a critical role in metabolism and skeletal growth. Its deficiency can cause growth delays.
C. sex hormones
Estrogen and testosterone influence growth plate closure and stimulate growth during puberty. Imbalance can lead to short stature or delayed puberty.
D. calcitonin
Calcitonin helps regulate calcium levels, but it has a minor role in growth. Deficiency or excess does not cause short stature.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. the sweat glands released their product, causing the hair to grow
Hair does not grow postmortem, and sweat gland activity ceases after death.
B. the skin retracted from the hair follicles
After death, the skin dehydrates and shrinks, which can cause the hair shaft to appear longer, giving the illusion that hair has grown, even though it hasn't.
C. during the process of decomposition, the hairs grew out of the follicles
Hair cannot grow after death because cellular metabolism and mitosis cease.
D. the skin grew out, forcing the hair out of the follicles
Skin does not grow postmortem; this is scientifically inaccurate.
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