During the breast examination of a client, the nurse notes an orange-peel or "peau d'orange" appearance of the skin of the breast.
The nurse understands that this appearance of the skin is due to what type of breast condition?

Fibrocystic lesions.

A normal finding of the breast.

Carcinoma of the breast.

Fibroadenoma.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Fibrocystic lesions in the breast are benign changes that involve the formation of cysts and fibrous tissue. These do not typically cause an orange-peel appearance of the skin.

Choice B rationale

A normal finding of the breast would not include an orange-peel or "peau d'orange" appearance, as this is considered an abnormal change often associated with underlying pathology.

Choice C rationale

Carcinoma of the breast can lead to an orange-peel appearance of the skin due to lymphatic obstruction. This dimpling effect is caused by the cancerous infiltration and thickening of the skin, making this the correct answer.

Choice D rationale

Fibroadenoma is a benign tumor of the breast and does not usually cause the skin changes described as orange-peel appearance. This condition is generally not associated with skin texture changes.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Myopia, or nearsightedness, is when distant objects appear blurry because light rays focus in front of the retina. A Snellen exam result of 20/50 means the client can see at 20 feet what someone with normal vision sees at 50 feet, indicating reduced distance vision. However, this condition does not correlate with the ability to read the Rosenbaum chart, which is for near vision, thus excluding myopia.

Choice B rationale

Normal vision is not indicated by a Snellen exam result of 20/50, as this signifies a visual impairment where the client sees at 20 feet what a person with normal vision sees at 50 feet. Normal vision would be indicated by 20/20 on the Snellen exam.

Choice C rationale

Presbyopia is the age-related loss of the eye's ability to focus on near objects, typically noticeable in people over 40. Although this condition involves difficulty reading at close range, the client's uncorrected Snellen exam result of 20/50 pertains to distance vision, which differentiates presbyopia from the given scenario.

Choice D rationale

Hyperopia, or farsightedness, is when close objects appear blurry because light rays focus behind the retina. The client's ability to read the Rosenbaum chart without difficulty indicates good near vision, while the Snellen exam result of 20/50 reflects reduced distance vision, thus supporting the diagnosis of hyperopia.

A. Color. B. Characteristics. C. Crepitus. D. Coping methods.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

"C" in the ABCDE criteria for assessing skin lesions stands for Color. This criterion refers to the variations in the color of the lesion, which could include shades of black, brown, tan, or even white, red, or blue. Uneven or multiple colors within a single lesion can be a warning sign of melanoma, a type of skin cancer. Regularly checking the color of moles or spots on the skin is crucial for early detection of potential malignancies.

Choice B rationale

Characteristics are not part of the ABCDE criteria. The ABCDE criteria specifically stand for Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, and Evolving. These criteria are used by healthcare professionals to identify suspicious skin lesions that may need further evaluation or biopsy to rule out skin cancer. Focusing on these specific aspects helps in early detection and treatment of malignant skin conditions.

Choice C rationale

Crepitus is a term used to describe a crackling or grating sound or sensation, typically associated with bones or joints, and is not related to skin lesion assessment. Crepitus can be felt or heard in conditions such as arthritis, where the cartilage in the joints has worn away, causing bones to rub against each other. It is unrelated to the ABCDE criteria for skin lesions.

Choice D rationale

Coping methods are strategies used by individuals to manage stress, emotions, or adverse situations and have no relevance to the ABCDE criteria for skin lesions. Coping methods can include techniques like exercise, meditation, or talking to a therapist, but they do not pertain to the physical examination of skin lesions for signs of cancer.

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During the breast examination of a client, the nurse notes an orange-peel or "peau d'orange" appearance of the skin of the breast.The nurse understands that this appearance of the skin is due to what type of breast condition?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is reviewing a client's medical record with a documented Snellen exam of 20/50, uncorrected.Patient could read the Rosenbaum chart without difficulty.Based on this information, the client has:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a skin lesion using the ABCDE criteria.The nurse understands "C" stands for:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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During the breast examination of a client, the nurse notes an orange-peel or "peau d'orange" appearance of the skin of the breast.
The nurse understands that this appearance of the skin is due to what type of breast condition?