A client reports dizziness on her yearly physical exam.
Which of the following tests would be the most appropriate to assess the client's equilibrium?
Romberg test.
Weber test.
Rinne test.
Cover test.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
The Romberg test evaluates equilibrium by having the client stand with feet together and eyes closed, observing for swaying or imbalance. It assesses the function of the vestibular system, proprioception, and cerebellar function, making it the most appropriate test for assessing dizziness and equilibrium.
Choice B rationale
The Weber test involves placing a tuning fork on the forehead to evaluate sound lateralization. It assesses hearing loss but not equilibrium, making it less suitable for dizziness assessment.
Choice C rationale
The Rinne test compares air and bone conduction of sound using a tuning fork. While useful for diagnosing conductive hearing loss, it does not assess equilibrium, making it inappropriate for evaluating dizziness.
Choice D rationale
The cover test evaluates eye alignment and muscle function by having the client cover one eye and observe the uncovered eye for movement. It assesses ocular motility but not equilibrium, making it unsuitable for dizziness assessment.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The Cover/Uncover test is used to assess the presence of strabismus or eye muscle weakness. During this test, one eye is covered while the other eye is observed for movement. The uncovered eye is then observed when the cover is removed. If there is a misalignment or weakness, the uncovered eye will move to re-establish focus, indicating a problem with eye muscle control.
Choice B rationale
Testing peripheral vision involves assessing the range of vision around the central focus point and is not specifically used to detect eye muscle weakness. It evaluates the function of the retina and optic nerve rather than the eye muscles. This test helps identify issues such as glaucoma or retinal detachment.
Choice C rationale
The Snellen chart test measures visual acuity, specifically how well a person can see at various distances. It is not designed to assess eye muscle strength or alignment. The test involves reading letters of different sizes from a chart placed at a standard distance.
Choice D rationale
The Weber test is an auditory test used to assess hearing loss by placing a vibrating tuning fork on the forehead or middle of the head. It helps determine whether hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural in nature. This test does not provide information about eye muscle function or alignment.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Myopia, or nearsightedness, is when distant objects appear blurry because light rays focus in front of the retina. A Snellen exam result of 20/50 means the client can see at 20 feet what someone with normal vision sees at 50 feet, indicating reduced distance vision. However, this condition does not correlate with the ability to read the Rosenbaum chart, which is for near vision, thus excluding myopia.
Choice B rationale
Normal vision is not indicated by a Snellen exam result of 20/50, as this signifies a visual impairment where the client sees at 20 feet what a person with normal vision sees at 50 feet. Normal vision would be indicated by 20/20 on the Snellen exam.
Choice C rationale
Presbyopia is the age-related loss of the eye's ability to focus on near objects, typically noticeable in people over 40. Although this condition involves difficulty reading at close range, the client's uncorrected Snellen exam result of 20/50 pertains to distance vision, which differentiates presbyopia from the given scenario.
Choice D rationale
Hyperopia, or farsightedness, is when close objects appear blurry because light rays focus behind the retina. The client's ability to read the Rosenbaum chart without difficulty indicates good near vision, while the Snellen exam result of 20/50 reflects reduced distance vision, thus supporting the diagnosis of hyperopia.
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