During the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia

Hypokalemia and hypernatremia

Hyperkalemia and hyponatremia

Hypokalemia and hyponatremia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia are generally not associated with the diuretic phase of AKI. In the diuretic phase, the primary issue is excessive loss of electrolytes and fluid, rather than their accumulation.
B.   Hypokalemia can occur during the diuretic phase because diuretics increase the excretion of potassium along with water. Hypernatremia is not typical of the diuretic phase. Instead, sodium levels might decrease or remain normal due to the loss of fluid and electrolytes.
C.   Hyperkalemia is unlikely during the diuretic phase as diuretics often lead to increased potassium loss. Hyponatremia is a more likely outcome during the diuretic phase due to the loss of sodium and fluid through increased urine output.

D.   During the diuretic phase of AKI, there is significant loss of electrolytes, including potassium and sodium. Diuretics increase urine output, leading to the loss of potassium and sodium, which can occur as a result of excessive fluid and electrolyte loss.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A prostate examination is typically performed for issues related to the prostate, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer. It is not relevant to diagnosing or managing acute glomerulonephritis, which is related to kidney inflammation rather than prostate issues.
B. A blood glucose check is used to diagnose and manage diabetes. While diabetes can contribute to chronic kidney disease, it is not the primary test for diagnosing acute glomerulonephritis or identifying its most common cause.
C. Genetic testing is useful for diagnosing inherited conditions or genetic predispositions to diseases. However, acute glomerulonephritis is typically caused by an infection or an autoimmune reaction, and genetic testing is not the primary diagnostic tool for this condition.
D. Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titers are tests used to detect antibodies produced in response to a streptococcal infection. Elevated ASO titers indicate a recent streptococcal infection, which is the most common cause of post-infectious acute glomerulonephritis.

A. Milk B. Liver C. Spinach D. Chocolate

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Milk is low in purines and is not associated with an increase in uric acid levels or the formation of uric acid stones. In fact, dairy products like milk can be beneficial in a diet for managing kidney stones because they are low in purines and provide calcium, which may help prevent stone formation.

B. Liver is very high in purines. High-purine foods increase the levels of uric acid in the body, which can lead to the formation of uric acid stones in the kidneys. Therefore, clients with recurrent kidney stones due to excessive purine intake should avoid liver and other organ meats.
C. Spinach is considered to have a moderate level of purines. While it is not as high in purines as organ meats, it still contains a notable amount. However, in comparison to foods like liver, it is less of a concern for individuals who need to strictly limit purine intake.
D. Chocolate contains a moderate amount of purines, but it is not as high in purines as organ meats like liver. While it’s not completely free from purines, its purine content is generally lower compared to foods such as liver.

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During the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is admitting a client who has been diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Considering the most common cause of this condition, which test should the nurse anticipate will be performed?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client has had recurrent kidney stones. Upon lab analysis of the client's urine, it is found that excessive purine intake is the underlying cause. Which of the following high-purine foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

During the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

A patient who performs dialysis at home using a catheter placed through the abdominal wall reports nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fluid discharge from the catheter site. The laboratory reports reveal an increased white blood cell count (WBC). Which condition does the nurse suspect in the patient?

A client with rapidly progressing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) asks about the possibility of a kidney transplant. In responding to the client, the nurse understands that which of the following is a contraindication for receiving a kidney transplant?

A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for four clients. Which of the following clients has manifestations of untreated chronic kidney disease?

A client who received a kidney transplant last month is in the nephrology clinic for a follow-up visit. Which education should the nurse provide to the client regarding complications which can arise after a kidney transplant?

A client with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. The nurse recognizes that administering IV calcium gluconate to this client will result in which of the following effects?