Following a lumbar puncture, a client voices several concerns. Which concern indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing a complication of the procedure?

"I have a headache that gets worse when I sit up."

"I am having pain in my lower back when I move my legs."

"I feel sick to my stomach and am going to throw up."

"My throat hurts badly when I swallow and when I talk."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. A headache that worsens upon sitting up is characteristic of a post-lumbar puncture headache, indicating a potential complication related to cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

B. Pain in the lower back after the procedure can be normal and does not necessarily indicate a complication.

C. Nausea and vomiting can occur but are not specific indicators of a complication following a lumbar puncture.

D. Sore throat when swallowing and talking is not typically associated with lumbar puncture complications and may relate to other causes such as anxiety or dehydration.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E","F"]

Explanation

A. Nonsmoker: Smoking does not directly contribute to the development of gout. While smoking is a risk factor for many health conditions, it is not a major contributor to the elevated uric acid levels associated with gout.

B. Obesity: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for gout because it leads to increased production of uric acid and reduced renal excretion of uric acid. Higher body fat increases the likelihood of developing hyperuricemia (elevated uric acid levels in the blood), which can form crystals in the joints, leading to gout.

C. Drinks beer nightly: Alcohol, particularly beer, is a significant risk factor for gout. Beer contains high levels of purines, which are broken down into uric acid in the body. Chronic alcohol consumption, especially beer, increases uric acid levels, contributing to the formation of uric acid crystals in the joints, which leads to gout attacks.

D. Daily aspirin: Aspirin, particularly at low doses, can reduce the excretion of uric acid by the kidneys, which can increase the risk of hyperuricemia and gout. However, this effect is typically observed with chronic, low-dose aspirin use, which is not indicated here in the patient's history.

E. Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with insulin resistance, which impairs the kidney's ability to excrete uric acid. As a result, uric acid builds up in the bloodstream, increasing the risk of gout. Additionally, people with type 2 diabetes often have comorbidities (such as obesity) that further increase the risk of gout.

F. Sleep apnea: Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with intermittent hypoxia (lack of oxygen), which can contribute to the production of uric acid and decreased renal clearance. This increase in uric acid levels raises the risk of hyperuricemia and subsequently gout. Sleep apnea can also be related to metabolic syndrome, which is another risk factor for gout.

A. Eat a protein snack 30 minutes before any exercise workout. B. Get an influenza vaccine every year as soon as available. C. Restrict alcoholic beverages to no more than 1-2 per week. D. Using salt, herbs, and spices will improve the flavor of foods.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Eating a protein snack before exercising can help prevent hypoglycemia, but this may not be necessary for every individual and does not address the overall management of diabetes.

B. Understanding the importance of receiving an influenza vaccine annually is crucial for clients with diabetes, as they are at higher risk for complications from influenza and other infections.

C. While it is important to monitor alcohol consumption, the statement may not indicate full understanding of how alcohol can affect blood glucose levels and the potential need for individualized guidance.

D. While using salt, herbs, and spices can enhance food flavor, it does not specifically address diabetes management, particularly regarding sodium intake for individuals at risk for hypertension.

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Following a lumbar puncture, a client voices several concerns. Which concern indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing a complication of the procedure?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exhibits Client history has been collected, and the nurse performs a physical assessment and records vital signs. Which finding(s) in the client's health record should the nurse recognize places the client at a greater risk of developing gout? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E","F"]

Explanation

The nurse is providing teaching to a client about self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which information provided by the client indicates understanding?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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