Aldosterone:

Causes Na⁺ excretion

Depletes blood volume

Causes K⁺ reabsorption

Causes Na⁺ and water reabsorption

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Causes Na⁺ excretion: Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption, not excretion, to increase blood volume and pressure.

B. Depletes blood volume: Aldosterone increases blood volume by retaining sodium and water.

C. Causes K⁺ reabsorption: Aldosterone promotes potassium excretion, not reabsorption.

D. Causes Na⁺ and water reabsorption: Aldosterone acts on the renal tubules to reabsorb sodium, which draws water back into circulation, increasing blood volume.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Decreases the reabsorption of water: Most diuretics act by preventing the reabsorption of sodium and water in the nephron, increasing urine output.

B. Decreases GFR (glomerular filtration rate): Diuretics do not usually decrease GFR; some may slightly increase or maintain it.

C. Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Diuretics often reduce blood volume, which might trigger RAAS as a compensatory mechanism, but activation of RAAS is not the drug’s direct action.

D. Causes the release of ADH: Diuretics counteract the action of ADH by promoting diuresis.

A. The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli B. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea C. The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine D. The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli: Villi and microvilli are found in the small intestine, not the stomach. The stomach has rugae.

B. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea: The esophagus connects the pharynx to the stomach; the trachea connects to the lungs.

C. The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine: The pyloric sphincter regulates entry from the stomach to duodenum, and the ileocecal valve controls flow from the ileum to cecum.

D. The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine: They are parts of the large intestine, not the small intestine.

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Aldosterone:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A drug is classified as a diuretic (a drug that increases urination), is commonly used to lower blood pressure or eliminate the body of excess fluid. Most likely the drug:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following is true about the structures of the digestive tract?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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