Aldosterone:

Causes Na⁺ excretion

Depletes blood volume

Causes K⁺ reabsorption

Causes Na⁺ and water reabsorption

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Causes Na⁺ excretion: Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption, not excretion, to increase blood volume and pressure.

B. Depletes blood volume: Aldosterone increases blood volume by retaining sodium and water.

C. Causes K⁺ reabsorption: Aldosterone promotes potassium excretion, not reabsorption.

D. Causes Na⁺ and water reabsorption: Aldosterone acts on the renal tubules to reabsorb sodium, which draws water back into circulation, increasing blood volume.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Decreases the reabsorption of water: Most diuretics act by preventing the reabsorption of sodium and water in the nephron, increasing urine output.

B. Decreases GFR (glomerular filtration rate): Diuretics do not usually decrease GFR; some may slightly increase or maintain it.

C. Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Diuretics often reduce blood volume, which might trigger RAAS as a compensatory mechanism, but activation of RAAS is not the drug’s direct action.

D. Causes the release of ADH: Diuretics counteract the action of ADH by promoting diuresis.

A. Glucose is used up by the metabolizing nephron units B. Glucose cannot be filtered C. Glucose is converted to ammonia and excreted as urea D. All filtered glucose is reabsorbed

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Glucose is used up by the metabolizing nephron units: Nephrons do not metabolize all glucose; their role is to filter and reabsorb.

B. Glucose cannot be filtered: Glucose is a small molecule and is easily filtered by the glomerulus.

C. Glucose is converted to ammonia and excreted as urea: This describes protein metabolism, not glucose.

D. All filtered glucose is reabsorbed: In healthy kidneys, 100% of filtered glucose is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, so none appears in urine unless blood levels are too high (e.g., diabetes).

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Aldosterone:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A drug is classified as a diuretic (a drug that increases urination), is commonly used to lower blood pressure or eliminate the body of excess fluid. Most likely the drug:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Glucose is not normally excreted in the urine because:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Pancreatic lipase:

The villi are associated with and function in:

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