How do targeted therapies treat cancer?

Kill cancer cells and normal cells

Increase neutrophils to fight infection

Target the spread of infection

Block specific cancer cell growth on the molecular level

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Kill cancer cells and normal cells

This describes the general mechanism of traditional chemotherapy, which targets rapidly dividing cells. Unlike targeted therapies, traditional chemotherapy does not selectively target specific molecules or pathways in cancer cells, leading to a broader impact on both cancer cells and normal cells.

B. Increase neutrophils to fight infection

This does not describe the mechanism of targeted therapies. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response to infection. Targeted therapies primarily focus on blocking specific molecular pathways involved in cancer cell growth and survival.

C. Target the spread of infection

This option is not an accurate description of how targeted therapies treat cancer. The primary goal of targeted therapies is to interfere with specific molecular processes in cancer cells, not to target the spread of infection.

D. Block specific cancer cell growth on the molecular level

This is the correct answer. Targeted therapies are designed to block or interfere with specific molecules or pathways involved in the growth and survival of cancer cells. By targeting these specific aspects of cancer cell biology, targeted therapies aim to inhibit the uncontrolled growth of cancer cells while minimizing damage to normal cells.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Avoid elevated altitudes of greater than 2,000 feet (if possible) and air travel for 2-4 weeks (depending on the oncologist’s advice):

Altitude and air travel restrictions are not common recommendations after completing chemotherapy.

B. Avoid foods high in purine for 30-90 days (depending on the oncologist’s advice):

Restrictions on foods high in purine are not typically associated with post-chemotherapy care.

C. Avoid sun exposure for 60-90 days following chemotherapy (depending on oncologist’s advice):

Chemotherapy can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight. Advising the patient to avoid sun exposure or take precautions such as using sunscreen can help prevent skin damage during this period.

D. Have a solid plan for contraception for 3 months to 2 years (depending on the oncologist’s advice):

Contraception considerations may be important, but the timeframe mentioned is not a standard recommendation following chemotherapy completion. The need for contraception may vary depending on the patient's overall health, reproductive goals, and specific chemotherapy drugs received. This decision is usually discussed with the healthcare provider on an individual basis.

A. Maintenance therapy of controlled chronic asthma B. Severe asthmatic attack C. Asthma that is unresponsive to bronchodilator therapy D. Acute allergic reaction

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Maintenance therapy of controlled chronic asthma

Glucocorticoids are commonly used as maintenance therapy for controlled chronic asthma to prevent exacerbations and maintain long-term control.

B. Severe asthmatic attack

While bronchodilators are often the first-line treatment for a severe asthmatic attack, glucocorticoids may be added to reduce inflammation and improve overall outcomes.

C. Asthma that is unresponsive to bronchodilator therapy

In cases where asthma is unresponsive to bronchodilator therapy or there is an exacerbation of asthma symptoms, glucocorticoids (steroids) are often prescribed. These medications have anti-inflammatory effects and can help reduce airway inflammation, improving symptoms and preventing further exacerbation.

D. Acute allergic reaction

Glucocorticoids may be used in the management of acute allergic reactions, but they are not the first-line treatment. Antihistamines and other medications are typically used initially, and glucocorticoids may be added in certain cases.

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How do targeted therapies treat cancer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Mrs. Miller is a 34 year-old who just successfully completed chemotherapy for breast cancer. Which of the following should the RN include in her plan of care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In which of the following scenarios would the RN anticipate glucocorticoids (steroids) to be prescribed?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client is receiving Dextromethorphan (Robitussin). The nurse knows the drug is exerting its therapeutic effects with which client report?

The nurse is caring for a patient recently diagnosed with mild emphysema and provides teaching about the disease and medications for treatment. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the medication regimen?

When administering an intravenous infusion of monoclonal antibodies, it is most important for the nurse to implement which of the following interventions?

A client has the feeling of having “chest tightness” while experiencing “cold-like” symptoms. Her cough is nonproductive. Her physician prescribed guaifenesin (Mucinex) to help with secretions. When teaching about this medication, what should the nurse instruct? (Select all that apply)

Ms. Smith, a 48 year-old female, is being treated for cancer with chemotherapy with medications that routinely cause myelosuppression. Which lab values would the RN need to especially monitor?

A home care nurse is visiting a client with asthma who suddenly experiences an acute asthma attack. Which drug should the nurse prepare to administer?

A patient admitted to the medical-surgical floor has a history of end-stage COPD. The patient was admitted with the diagnosis of “Exacerbation of COPD”. Which prescription would the RN not question as it relates to this patient’s treatment regimen?

A young client with cystic fibrosis (CF) is on dornase alfa. What does the nurse teach about the action of this medication?