Which statement is accurate regarding methylxanthine (Theophylline)?

Is a first-line drug currently to treat COPD

Is considered toxic if theophylline levels are between 5-15 mcg/mL

Has less major side effects than beta-agonists and glucocorticoids

Has potential to cause central nervous system side effects, especially if levels are elevated

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Is a first-line drug currently to treat COPD

Methylxanthines are not considered first-line drugs for the treatment of COPD. They are often reserved for use when other bronchodilators (such as beta-agonists and anticholinergics) are not effective or well-tolerated.

B. Is considered toxic if theophylline levels are between 5-15 mcg/mL

The therapeutic range for theophylline levels is generally considered to be lower, typically 5-15 mcg/mL. However, toxicity can occur at levels above the therapeutic range, and symptoms can vary between individuals.

C. Has fewer major side effects than beta-agonists and glucocorticoids

Methylxanthines can have side effects, and their use is associated with a risk of toxicity. Beta-agonists and glucocorticoids are often preferred as first-line treatments due to their efficacy and a more favorable side effect profile.

D. Has the potential to cause central nervous system side effects, especially if levels are elevated

Methylxanthines, such as theophylline, are bronchodilators that can be used in the treatment of respiratory conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, they have a narrow therapeutic window, and elevated levels can lead to toxicity. Central nervous system side effects, such as restlessness, insomnia, and seizures, can occur with elevated theophylline levels.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva)

Tiotropium bromide is a long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator used for maintenance therapy in conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is not indicated for the immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms.

B. Montelukast (Singulair)

Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for maintenance therapy in asthma. It is not a rescue medication and does not provide immediate relief during an acute asthma attack.

C. Albuterol (Proventil)

In the case of an acute asthma attack, the nurse should prepare to administer a short-acting bronchodilator. Albuterol (Proventil) is a short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator that provides rapid relief of bronchoconstriction and acute symptoms during an asthma attack.

D. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent used to help loosen and thin mucus in the airways. It is not indicated for the immediate relief of bronchoconstriction during an acute asthma attack.

A. Seasonal allergy only B. Severe asthmatic attacks C. Acute bronchospasm D. Maintenance and prevention of asthma

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Seasonal allergy only

Montelukast may be used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis associated with seasonal allergies, but its primary use is for asthma prevention.

B. Severe asthmatic attacks

Montelukast is not typically used for the treatment of severe asthmatic attacks. Short-acting bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids are more commonly used in this scenario.

C. Acute bronchospasm

While montelukast has a role in the prevention of bronchospasm, it is not typically used for the acute treatment of bronchospasm. Short-acting bronchodilators are more appropriate for immediate relief of bronchospasm.

D. Maintenance and prevention of asthma

Montelukast (Singulair) is used for the maintenance and prevention of asthma. It is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that works by blocking the action of leukotrienes, which are inflammatory mediators involved in the pathophysiology of asthma. By inhibiting leukotrienes, montelukast helps to reduce airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction, thereby preventing asthma symptoms.

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Which statement is accurate regarding methylxanthine (Theophylline)?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A home care nurse is visiting a client with asthma who suddenly experiences an acute asthma attack. Which drug should the nurse prepare to administer?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse knows that montelukast (Singulair) is given for what purpose?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Which statement is accurate regarding methylxanthine (Theophylline)?

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