Which statement is accurate regarding methylxanthine (Theophylline)?

Is a first-line drug currently to treat COPD

Is considered toxic if theophylline levels are between 5-15 mcg/mL

Has less major side effects than beta-agonists and glucocorticoids

Has potential to cause central nervous system side effects, especially if levels are elevated

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Is a first-line drug currently to treat COPD

Methylxanthines are not considered first-line drugs for the treatment of COPD. They are often reserved for use when other bronchodilators (such as beta-agonists and anticholinergics) are not effective or well-tolerated.

B. Is considered toxic if theophylline levels are between 5-15 mcg/mL

The therapeutic range for theophylline levels is generally considered to be lower, typically 5-15 mcg/mL. However, toxicity can occur at levels above the therapeutic range, and symptoms can vary between individuals.

C. Has fewer major side effects than beta-agonists and glucocorticoids

Methylxanthines can have side effects, and their use is associated with a risk of toxicity. Beta-agonists and glucocorticoids are often preferred as first-line treatments due to their efficacy and a more favorable side effect profile.

D. Has the potential to cause central nervous system side effects, especially if levels are elevated

Methylxanthines, such as theophylline, are bronchodilators that can be used in the treatment of respiratory conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, they have a narrow therapeutic window, and elevated levels can lead to toxicity. Central nervous system side effects, such as restlessness, insomnia, and seizures, can occur with elevated theophylline levels.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Glucocorticoid

Glucocorticoids are anti-inflammatory medications commonly used as long-term control medications in asthma management. They are not typically considered rescue inhalers. They work gradually over time to reduce inflammation and are not suitable for immediate relief during an acute asthma attack.

B. Mast cell stabilizer

Mast cell stabilizers are anti-inflammatory medications that work by preventing the release of inflammatory substances from mast cells. They are used as maintenance therapy to prevent asthma symptoms but are not rescue inhalers. They do not provide quick relief during acute episodes.

C. Mucolytic agent

Mucolytic agents are medications that help thin and loosen mucus in the airways. While they may be used to improve respiratory symptoms, they are not considered rescue inhalers. They do not provide rapid bronchodilation and are typically used for different purposes, such as addressing mucus production and clearance.

D. Short-acting beta 2 agonist

This is the correct answer. Short-acting beta 2 agonists (SABAs) are bronchodilators that provide quick relief during acute bronchoconstriction. They act by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways, allowing for rapid dilation and improved airflow. SABAs are commonly used as rescue inhalers to alleviate symptoms during asthma attacks or sudden exacerbations.

A. because many chemotherapy patients require blood transfusions B. because many chemotherapy patients need long-term intravenous access C. because chemotherapy patients have frequent blood draws orders D. because many chemotherapeutic drugs are vesicants

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

. because many chemotherapy patients require blood transfusions:

While some chemotherapy patients may require blood transfusions, this is not the primary reason for using intravenous ports, central lines, or peripherally inserted central lines.

B. because many chemotherapy patients need long-term intravenous access:

Long-term intravenous access may be needed for some chemotherapy patients, but the critical consideration is the vesicant nature of many chemotherapy drugs.

C. because chemotherapy patients have frequent blood draws orders:

Frequent blood draws may be necessary for monitoring purposes, but the primary reason for using specialized lines in chemotherapy patients is to administer the drugs safely.

D. because many chemotherapeutic drugs are vesicants:

The primary reason for using intravenous ports, central lines, or peripherally inserted central lines in chemotherapy patients is to administer chemotherapy drugs directly into large veins. Many chemotherapeutic drugs are vesicants, meaning they can cause severe damage to tissues if they leak into the surrounding areas. These specialized lines allow for the safe and controlled administration of chemotherapy drugs, reducing the risk of extravasation (leakage into surrounding tissues).

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Which statement is accurate regarding methylxanthine (Theophylline)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which medication is considered a “rescue inhaler”?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The oncology RN knows that the most important reason that patients who are undergoing chemotherapy have either intravenous ports, central lines, or peripherally inserted central line is:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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