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The patient is having fetal heart rate decelerations. An amnioinfusion has been ordered for the patient to alleviate the decelerations. The nurse understands that the type of decelerations that will be alleviated by amnioinfusion is:
Select one:

Late decelerations.

Moderate decelerations.

Variable decelerations.

Early decelerations.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason: Late decelerations. This is an incorrect answer that refers to a diﬀerent type of fetal heart rate patern that indicates uteroplacental insufficiency, which can reduce blood ﬂow and oxygen delivery to the fetus. Late decelerations are characterized by gradual decreases in fetal heart rate that begin after the peak of uterine contractions and return to baseline after the end of contractions. Amnioinfusion is not eﬀective for late decelerations, as it does not address the underlying cause of uteroplacental insufficiency, which may be due to maternal hypertension, diabetes, preeclampsia, or placental abruption.

Choice B Reason: Moderate decelerations. This is an incorrect answer that refers to a non-existent type of fetal heart rate patern, as there is no such term as moderate decelerations. The term moderate refers to the category of fetal heart rate variability, which is a measure of the ﬂuctuations in fetal heart rate around the baseline. Moderate variability indicates normal fetal oxygenation and well-being, while absent or minimal variability indicates fetal hypoxia or distress.

Choice C Reason: Variable decelerations. This is because variable decelerations are a type of fetal heart rate patern that indicates cord compression, which can reduce blood ﬂow and oxygen delivery to the fetus. Variable decelerations are characterized by abrupt decreases in fetal heart rate that vary in onset, depth, and duration, and do not have a consistent relationship with uterine contractions. Amnioinfusion is a procedure that involves infusing saline or lactated Ringer's solution into the amniotic cavity through a transcervical catheter, which can relieve cord compression by increasing the volume of amniotic ﬂuid and cushioning the cord. Amnioinfusion can improve fetal oxygenation and reduce variable decelerations.

Choice D Reason: Early decelerations. This is an incorrect answer that refers to a diﬀerent type of fetal heart rate patern that indicates head compression, which can stimulate the vagus nerve and slow down the fetal heart rate. Early decelerations are characterized by gradual decreases in fetal heart rate that begin with the onset of uterine contractions and return to baseline with the end of contractions. Early decelerations are benign and do not require intervention, as they reﬂect normal fetal head descent and progress of labor. Amnioinfusion is not indicated for early decelerations, as it does not aﬀect head compression or vagal stimulation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Provide compassionate and accurate information throughout the process and support them to make their own decisions. This is a therapeutic strategy that demonstrates empathy, honesty, and advocacy for the couple. It also helps them understand their options, risks, benefits, and alternatives, and encourages them to participate in their care.

Choice B Reason: Inquire about the names they have chosen for their baby to get their mind oﬀ their stress. This is a non-therapeutic strategy that avoids addressing the couple's concerns, minimizes their feelings, and may create false hope or unrealistic expectations.

Choice C Reason: Express sympathy and provide directive advice to the couple about what they should do. This is a non-therapeutic strategy that shows pity, imposes personal values, and undermines the couple's self-determination.

Choice D Reason: Refer them to a marriage counselor in the same building to help them with the decisions. This is a non-therapeutic strategy that implies that the couple has marital problems, shifts responsibility, and may create resentment or resistance.

A. Episodes of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. B. Postpartum hemorrhage. C. Cerebrovascular accident (CVA). D. Acute vasospasm.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Episodes of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. This is because episodes of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are common complications of diabetes during pregnancy, which can aﬀect both the mother and the fetus. Hypoglycemia is a condition where the blood glucose level drops below the normal range, which can cause symptoms such as sweating, trembling, hunger, confusion, or loss of consciousness. Hyperglycemia is a condition where the blood glucose level rises above the normal range, which can cause symptoms such as thirst, polyuria, fatigue, blurred vision, or ketoacidosis. Diabetes during pregnancy requires careful monitoring and management of blood glucose levels to prevent adverse outcomes such as fetal macrosomia, congenital anomalies, stillbirth, or neonatal hypoglycemia.

Choice B Reason: Postpartum hemorrhage. This is an incorrect answer that refers to a diﬀerent complication that may occur after delivery, not during pregnancy. Postpartum hemorrhage is excessive bleeding from the uterus or genital tract after delivery, which can cause hypovolemic shock, anemia, or death. Postpartum hemorrhage can be caused by uterine atony, retained placenta, lacerations, or coagulation disorders.

Choice C Reason: Cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This is an incorrect answer that indicates a rare and severe complication that may occur during or after pregnancy, not specifically related to diabetes. CVA is also known as stroke, which is an interruption of blood ﬂow to the brain due to ischemia or hemorrhage, which can cause neurological deficits or death. CVA can be caused by hypertension, preeclampsia-eclampsia, thrombophilia, or vascular malformations.

Choice D Reason: Acute vasospasm. This is an incorrect answer that suggests a diﬀerent condition that may occur during pregnancy, not associated with diabetes. Acute vasospasm is also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, which is a disorder of blood vessels that causes them to narrow and reduce blood ﬂow to the extremities in response to cold or stress, which can cause pain, numbness, or color changes. Acute vasospasm can be triggered by smoking, medications, or autoimmune diseases.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A couple who has had difficulty conceiving confides in the nurse at the infertility clinic that they feel overwhelmed with the decisions that face them. Which of the following nursing strategies would be most appropriate and therapeutic? Select one:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

If a woman has a pre-existing condition of diabetes, the nurse knows that she would be at risk for what symptom(s) during her pregnancy? Select one:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

When reviewing the causes of late postpartum hemorrhage, which of the following would the nurse identify as the most common cause? Select one:

The nurse is reading the results of non-stress test (NST) strips completed that day. Which of the following strips meets the criteria for a reactive NST? Select one:

Post-term fetal risks include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one:

The nurse is performing a newborn physical assessment and is about to elicit the Moro reﬂex. Which of the following responses should the nurse expect to see? Select one:

The Mother-Baby nurse is caring for a two hour old newborn who is 36 4/7 weeks gestation. The nurse assesses that the newborn is experiencing tremors (jiteriness). What nursing action has the highest priority? Select one:

A client has been diagnosed with postpartum psychosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select one:

Why is it important for the nurse to assess the bladder regularly and encourage the laboring client to void every 2 hours? Select one:

After the birth of a newborn, the nursing intervention that most eﬀectively promotes parental atachment is: Select one: