Identify the effects of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation on the urinary system. (Select all that apply)
It promotes vasoconstriction of blood vessels
It stimulates thirst
It lowers blood pressure
It increases water reabsorption in the kidneys
It stimulates the release of renin
Correct Answer : A,B,D
A. It promotes vasoconstriction of blood vessels: Angiotensin II (RAAS mediator) is a potent vasoconstrictor, raising systemic vascular resistance and affecting renal blood flow.
B. It stimulates thirst: Angiotensin II acts on the brain (hypothalamus) to stimulate thirst and ADH release, promoting fluid intake and retention.
C. It lowers blood pressure: RAAS activation raises blood pressure by vasoconstriction and increased sodium/water retention.
D. It increases water reabsorption in the kidneys: Aldosterone promotes Na⁺ reabsorption (water follows), and angiotensin II/ADH actions lead to increased water retention—overall increasing water reabsorption.
E. It stimulates the release of renin: Renin release is the initiating step of RAAS activation (triggered by low renal perfusion); once RAAS is active, angiotensin II typically provides negative feedback that suppresses further renin release rather than stimulating it.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Pancreatic duct: The pancreatic duct (duct of Wirsung) conveys pancreatic enzymes from the pancreas to the duodenum and typically joins the bile duct at the hepatopancreatic ampulla.
B. Common bile duct: The common bile duct is formed by the union of the common hepatic duct and cystic duct and carries bile from the liver/gallbladder to the duodenum.
C. Common hepatic duct: The common hepatic duct drains bile from the right and left hepatic ducts of the liver and joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct.
D. Cystic duct: The cystic duct connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct and allows bile to flow into and out of the gallbladder for storage and release.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Pancreas:Most of the pancreas (head, neck, body) lies retroperitoneal (except the tail which may be intraperitoneal).
B. Stomach:The stomach is intraperitoneal (suspended by mesenteries).
C. Liver:The liver is intraperitoneal (covered by visceral peritoneum except at bare area).
D. Spleen:The spleen is intraperitoneal and suspended by ligaments (not retroperitoneal).
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