If a sea star egg is taken from the ocean and put into Lake Michigan, would you expect the egg to shrink, swell, or stay the same size?
Stay the same size
None of the above
Swell
Shrink
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: The egg would not stay the same size, as ocean water is hypertonic (higher salinity) compared to Lake Michigan’s fresh water. Osmotic differences drive water movement into the egg, causing swelling, making this an incorrect prediction.
Choice B reason: “None of the above” is incorrect, as the egg will swell due to osmosis. Fresh water in Lake Michigan has lower solute concentration than the egg’s cytoplasm, causing water influx, making this an invalid choice.
Choice C reason: The sea star egg will swell in Lake Michigan’s fresh water, which is hypotonic to the egg’s hypertonic cytoplasm. Water moves into the egg via osmosis, increasing its volume, making this the correct prediction for the egg’s response.
Choice D reason: The egg would shrink in a hypertonic environment, like concentrated saltwater, not fresh water. Lake Michigan’s hypotonic fresh water causes water influx, not loss, making shrinking an incorrect outcome for the egg.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Polycythemia involves an increased erythrocyte count, not a decrease. A low erythrocyte count causes anemia, leading to fatigue or hypoxia, not the neurological symptoms like headaches or dizziness seen in polycythemia, making this an incorrect cause.
Choice B reason: Tissue destruction by macrophages is not a primary feature of polycythemia. It may occur in inflammatory conditions, but polycythemia’s neurological symptoms stem from blood flow changes, not macrophage activity, making this an incorrect cause.
Choice C reason: Increased blood viscosity, due to elevated red blood cell mass in polycythemia, impairs cerebral blood flow, causing neurological symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and confusion. This sluggish circulation directly affects brain perfusion, making it the primary cause of these symptoms.
Choice D reason: Hypoxia occurs in conditions with inadequate oxygen delivery, like anemia or lung disease. Polycythemia increases oxygen-carrying capacity but causes symptoms due to viscous blood flow, not hypoxia, making this an incorrect primary cause.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: A greenstick fracture is an incomplete break where one side of the bone bends, common in children. A complete fracture fully breaks the bone into separate pieces, making this an incorrect comparison to a complete fracture.
Choice B reason: A bone damaged but in one piece describes an incomplete fracture, like a stress or greenstick fracture. A complete fracture involves a full break with separated fragments, making this an incorrect description of a complete fracture.
Choice C reason: A spiral fracture is a type of complete fracture caused by twisting forces, but not all complete fractures are spiral. Complete fractures broadly involve full bone separation, making this a partially correct but overly specific comparison.
Choice D reason: A complete fracture is when the bone is broken all the way through, separating into two or more fragments. This distinguishes it from incomplete fractures, aligning with the definition, making this the correct explanation.
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