If a sea star egg is taken from the ocean and put into Lake Michigan, would you expect the egg to shrink, swell, or stay the same size?

Stay the same size

None of the above

Swell

Shrink

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: The egg would not stay the same size, as ocean water is hypertonic (higher salinity) compared to Lake Michigan’s fresh water. Osmotic differences drive water movement into the egg, causing swelling, making this an incorrect prediction.

Choice B reason: “None of the above” is incorrect, as the egg will swell due to osmosis. Fresh water in Lake Michigan has lower solute concentration than the egg’s cytoplasm, causing water influx, making this an invalid choice.

Choice C reason: The sea star egg will swell in Lake Michigan’s fresh water, which is hypotonic to the egg’s hypertonic cytoplasm. Water moves into the egg via osmosis, increasing its volume, making this the correct prediction for the egg’s response.

Choice D reason: The egg would shrink in a hypertonic environment, like concentrated saltwater, not fresh water. Lake Michigan’s hypotonic fresh water causes water influx, not loss, making shrinking an incorrect outcome for the egg.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Increased permeability and leakage occur at an injury site due to histamine and cytokine release, causing endothelial gaps. This allows plasma and immune cells to enter tissues, promoting inflammation and edema, making this a correct vascular change.

Choice B reason: Blood vessels initially constrict to limit bleeding, then dilate to increase blood flow, delivering immune cells and nutrients. This biphasic response (constriction followed by dilation) is a hallmark of acute injury, making this a correct vascular change.

Choice C reason: Pallor occurs from initial vasoconstriction, reducing blood flow, followed by swelling from increased permeability and fluid leakage. These are typical injury responses, reflecting vascular and tissue changes, making this a correct observation.

Choice D reason: “None of the above” is incorrect, as increased permeability, biphasic vessel response, and pallor with swelling are well-documented vascular changes at injury sites. These align with the inflammatory process, making this an invalid choice.

Choice E reason: Tightening of capillary endothelial junctions does not occur during acute injury. Junctions loosen due to inflammatory mediators, increasing permeability, not tightening, which would limit leakage, making this an incorrect vascular change.

A. Hydration to prevent kidney injury from myoglobin B. Rhabdomyolysis C. Electrolyte monitoring, especially for potassium, to manage the risk of hyperkalemia D. Acute kidney injury (AKI) E. Monitoring kidney function, including creatinine, BUN, and urine output

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hydration is a treatment, not a complication. Rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, and AKI are complications of crush injuries, with kidney function monitoring essential. This describes an intervention, not a complication, so it’s incorrect.

Choice B reason: Rhabdomyolysis is likely from severe muscle trauma in a crush injury, releasing myoglobin and electrolytes, risking kidney damage. This matches the patient’s injury, making it a correct complication.

Choice C reason: Electrolyte monitoring, especially potassium, is critical due to hyperkalemia risk from muscle breakdown. This can cause arrhythmias, making it a correct selection for complications.

Choice D reason: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in rhabdomyolysis, as myoglobin damages kidneys. Given the crush injury, AKI is likely, making this a correct complication.

Choice E reason: Monitoring kidney function (creatinine, BUN, urine output) detects AKI from rhabdomyolysis. This ensures timely intervention, making it a correct choice for complications.

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If a sea star egg is taken from the ocean and put into Lake Michigan, would you expect the egg to shrink, swell, or stay the same size?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The characteristic vascular changes at the site of an injury produce: (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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