Mr. Jones presents to the clinic with extreme pain in his left arm. During your assessment, you notice that he has a prosthetic left arm (from the shoulder down). What explanation can you provide for Mr. Jones reporting extreme pain in his left arm?
Nerve damage from the prosthetic
Heart attack referred pain
Muscle strain in the remaining part of the arm
Phantom limb pain
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Nerve damage from the prosthetic may cause local discomfort, but pain in the entire absent arm suggests phantom limb pain. This is less likely than neural misfiring, so it’s incorrect.
Choice B reason: Heart attack referred pain typically affects the left arm but is unlikely in a prosthetic limb. Phantom limb pain explains pain in the absent arm, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Muscle strain affects existing muscles, not a prosthetic arm. Phantom limb pain, from neural signals in the brain, explains pain in the missing limb, so this is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Phantom limb pain occurs when the brain perceives pain in an amputated limb, common in prosthetic users. This matches Mr. Jones’s pain in his prosthetic arm, making it correct.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Increased glucose use doesn’t occur in DKA; insulin deficiency reduces glucose uptake. Fluid shifts are due to osmotic diuresis, not intravascular to intracellular movement, so this is incorrect for DKA’s mechanism.
Choice B reason: DKA involves metabolic, not respiratory, acidosis from ketones. Protein catabolism occurs, but fatty acid use and ketogenesis are primary, leading to acidosis and diuresis, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Increased glucose and fatty acids contribute, but the mechanism is decreased glucose use causing ketogenesis. This option omits ketogenesis, a key DKA feature, so it’s less precise and incorrect.
Choice D reason: Insulin deficiency in DKA reduces glucose use, leading to fatty acid breakdown, ketogenesis, metabolic acidosis (pH 7.2), and osmotic diuresis (electrolyte loss). This fully explains the lab values, making it correct.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Insufficient mast cell numbers are not a primary cause of impaired healing in older adults. Mast cells contribute to inflammation, but chronic diseases like diabetes disrupt multiple healing pathways more significantly, making this incorrect.
Choice B reason: Circulatory impairment, such as atherosclerosis, can delay healing by limiting oxygen and nutrient delivery. However, it’s often a consequence of chronic illnesses like diabetes, which broadly affect healing, making this less primary than chronic conditions.
Choice C reason: Underlying chronic illnesses, like diabetes or cardiovascular disease, impair inflammation and wound healing in older adults by disrupting immune function, collagen deposition, and perfusion. These prevalent conditions directly impact healing, making this the correct cause.
Choice D reason: Complement and chemotaxis deficiencies occur in specific immunodeficiencies, not commonly in aging. Chronic illnesses like diabetes more consistently impair healing through systemic effects, making this a less likely primary cause.
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