An 85-year-old person has a urinary tract infection. What clinical manifestation do you expect to see in this person?

Choice A reason: Lethargy is a common manifestation of hypothyroidism, resulting from slowed metabolism due to low thyroid hormone levels. It leads to fatigue and reduced energy, aligning with hypothyroid symptoms, making it a correct choice for clinical manifestations.

Choice B reason: Constipation is a hallmark of hypothyroidism, caused by decreased gastrointestinal motility from low thyroid hormone. This digestive slowing is a frequent complaint, making it a correct selection for hypothyroidism’s clinical manifestations.

Choice C reason: Restlessness is associated with hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism, which causes lethargy and slowed activity. Hypothyroid patients lack the agitation seen in hyperthyroid states, so this is incorrect for hypothyroidism manifestations.

Choice D reason: Intolerance to heat is a hyperthyroidism symptom, not hypothyroidism, where patients experience cold intolerance due to slowed metabolism. This is opposite to hypothyroid effects, so it’s incorrect for hypothyroidism’s clinical manifestations.

Choice A reason: Absence seizures involve brief staring spells, not continuous tonic-clonic movements. The patient’s prolonged, unresponsive seizure activity indicates status epilepticus, so this is incorrect for the seizure type.

Choice B reason: Status epilepticus is continuous or recurrent seizures lasting over 5 minutes, often tonic-clonic, with unresponsiveness, tachycardia, and hypertension. This matches the patient’s presentation, making it the correct type.

Choice C reason: Myoclonic seizures cause brief muscle jerks, not prolonged tonic-clonic activity. Status epilepticus describes the continuous seizure state, so this is incorrect for the observed seizure.

Choice D reason: Tonic-clonic seizure is a single event, but continuous activity suggests status epilepticus. The prolonged duration and unresponsiveness point to status, so this is incorrect.