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Impaired hepatic function:

A.

Causes a deficiency of intrinsic factor and pernicious anemia

B.

Causes lactose intolerance

C.

Causes gastric reflux

D.

Causes blood drug levels to reach toxic levels

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Causes a deficiency of intrinsic factor and pernicious anemia: Intrinsic factor is produced in the stomach, not the liver. Its deficiency leads to pernicious anemia.

B. Causes lactose intolerance: Lactose intolerance is due to lactase deficiency in the small intestine.

C. Causes gastric reflux: Gastroesophageal reflux is typically due to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction.

 

D. Causes blood drug levels to reach toxic levels: The liver metabolizes drugs. Impaired hepatic function reduces drug clearance, leading to accumulation and potential toxicity.

 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate): A low GFR would reduce urine output, not increase it.

B. Over secretion of aldosterone: Aldosterone promotes sodium and water reabsorption, which decreases urine output.

C. Decrease amounts of ADH: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) helps retain water. A deficiency leads to diuresis, causing polyuria (as seen in diabetes insipidus).

D. Activation of angiotensinogen: This leads to vasoconstriction and aldosterone release, promoting water retention, not polyuria.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Urethra: The urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body—part of the “plumbing.”

B. Ureters: These are tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

C. Glomeruli: Glomeruli are part of the kidney’s filtration system, not the excretory “plumbing” system.

D. Urinary bladder: The bladder stores urine and is considered part of the urinary “plumbing.”

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