A client comes to the clinic complaining of increase in thirst and increase in urination. The nurse does a urine dipstick and notices it turns positive for glucose. The nurse knows that the MOST likely reason for what the client is experiencing is because the patient has:
Renal failure
Bladder cancer
Diabetes mellitus
Kidney cancer
The Correct Answer is C
A. Renal failure: While renal failure can affect urine output, glucose in the urine (glucosuria) and polyuria with polydipsia are not the hallmark symptoms.
B. Bladder cancer: This may cause hematuria, but it doesn’t typically cause glucosuria, increased thirst, or urination.
C. Diabetes mellitus: In diabetes mellitus, high blood glucose levels exceed the renal threshold, leading to glucose spilling into the urine, causing polyuria (due to osmotic diuresis) and polydipsia.
D. Kidney cancer: Kidney cancer may cause flank pain, hematuria, or mass, not classic symptoms of diabetes or glucosuria.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Defecation: This is the elimination of feces from the rectum, not the process of moving food through the GI tract.
B. Emulsification: This refers to breaking down fat into smaller droplets (done by bile), not the movement of food.
C. Peristalsis: Peristalsis is the rhythmic muscular contraction that propels food through the digestive tract.
D. Mastication: This is chewing, a mechanical process that occurs in the mouth before food enters the esophagus.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Storage: The urinary bladder’s primary function is to store urine until it is excreted during urination.
B. Filtration: Filtration occurs in the glomeruli of the kidneys, not in the bladder.
C. Reabsorption: Reabsorption happens in the renal tubules after filtration in the kidneys.
D. Buffering of H+: Buffering of hydrogen ions occurs in the kidneys and blood, not in the bladder.
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