A client comes to the clinic complaining of increase in thirst and increase in urination. The nurse does a urine dipstick and notices it turns positive for glucose. The nurse knows that the MOST likely reason for what the client is experiencing is because the patient has:

A. Pressure within the renal tubules: This is tubular pressure, which opposes filtration and is not the driving force.

B. Blood pressure: Blood pressure within the glomerular capillaries provides the main hydrostatic pressure driving glomerular filtration.

C. Intrathoracic pressure: This affects respiration and venous return, not glomerular filtration.

D. Intraabdominal pressure: Elevated intraabdominal pressure can impair renal perfusion, but it does not drive filtration.

A. The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli: Villi and microvilli are found in the small intestine, not the stomach. The stomach has rugae.

B. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea: The esophagus connects the pharynx to the stomach; the trachea connects to the lungs.

C. The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine: The pyloric sphincter regulates entry from the stomach to duodenum, and the ileocecal valve controls flow from the ileum to cecum.

D. The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine: They are parts of the large intestine, not the small intestine.