In Pavlov's original research on classical conditioning, what did the food for the dog represent
Unconditioned response
Unconditioned stimulus
Conditioned response
Conditioned stimulus
The Correct Answer is B
A. The unconditioned response (UCR) refers to the dog's natural reaction to food, such as salivation, not the food itself.
B. The food is the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) because it naturally and automatically triggers the dog's salivation (the unconditioned response) without prior learning.
C. The conditioned response (CR) refers to a learned response, like salivation to a conditioned stimulus (e.g., a bell).
D. The conditioned stimulus (CS) would be something like the bell that, after association with food, eventually causes salivation.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. External attribution involves explaining outcomes based on external factors like workplace politics.
B. External attribution, in this case, attributes the friend's behavior (grumpiness) to an external factor, lack of sleep.
C. Internal attribution refers to explaining someone's behavior based on their personality, traits, or internal factors. Believing an acquaintance's friendliness is due to his personality is an example of internal attribution.
D. External attribution explains the soccer team's win due to weather conditions, which are outside of the team's control.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Insight-oriented therapy focuses on helping patients gain awareness of their unconscious thoughts, past experiences, and relationships to understand their current symptoms and behavior.
B. Self-monitoring therapy involves tracking one's behaviors and feelings, typically in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), to gain insight into patterns.
C. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is used for individuals with borderline personality disorder and emphasizes mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotional regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness.
D. Behavioral therapy focuses on changing maladaptive behaviors rather than exploring past experiences and emotions.
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