In providing discharge teaching to a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize?

Notify the healthcare provider of any change in sputum color.

Stay in the house if the outdoor temperature is hot and humid.

Avoid going outdoors whenever the pollen count is high.

Keep a food diary for one week and bring to next appointment.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Changes in sputum color can indicate exacerbations of COPD, such as infection or increased inflammation in the airways. Darker or greenish sputum may suggest the presence of infection, while changes in consistency or volume can also indicate worsening respiratory status. Promptly notifying the healthcare provider of any change in sputum color allows for timely assessment and appropriate management.
B. Staying indoors during hot and humid temperature is relevant for minimizing exposure to environmental triggers that can exacerbate COPD symptoms, but it may not be as immediately critical
C. Avoiding allergens is important for clients with asthma who are sensitive to allergens but not COPD
D. Foods taken are more relevant in asthmatic patients as opposed to those with COPD.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Swimming is a low-impact exercise that is gentle on the joints and can provide numerous benefits for individuals with osteoarthritis. The buoyancy of water reduces stress on the joints while allowing for a full range of motion, making swimming an ideal exercise for improving joint flexibility, muscle strength, and cardiovascular fitness without exacerbating symptoms of osteoarthritis. Additionally, swimming can help relieve joint pain and stiffness and improve overall physical function in older adults with osteoarthritis.
A. Jogging or running can place significant stress on the joints, particularly the knees and hips, which may exacerbate symptoms of osteoarthritis and increase the risk of joint injury. High- impact activities like jogging or running are generally not recommended for individuals with osteoarthritis, especially in weight-bearing joints.
B. While engaging in daily activities can provide some level of physical activity, it may not be sufficient for managing osteoarthritis symptoms or improving joint function. Older adults with osteoarthritis can benefit from structured exercise programs tailored to their needs, which may include a variety of exercises aimed at improving joint flexibility, strength, and overall physical function.
C. Tennis or racquetball are high-impact sports that involve repetitive movements and may exacerbate joint pain and stiffness in individuals with osteoarthritis, particularly in the wrists, elbows, and shoulders. Engaging in these activities can increase the risk of joint injury and may not be suitable for older adults with osteoarthritis.

A. "If my fasting blood sugar is less than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) next time, I can go back to my usual eating habits." B. "I can never eat sugar again." C. "Making these changes will also help me avoid other chronic health conditions." D. "If I have symptoms like increased thirst and urination, I should come in and get my blood sugar checked." E. "If I make the changes we talked about, I will not get type 2 diabetes."

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Understanding;

"Making these changes will also help me avoid other chronic health conditions."

"If I have symptoms like increased thirst and urination, I should come in and get my blood sugar checked."

No understanding;

"If my fasting blood sugar is less than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) next time, I can go back to my usual eating habits."

"I can never eat sugar again."

"If I make the changes we talked about, I will not get type 2 diabetes."

Understanding

Adherence to the DASH diet reduces the risk of diabetes mellitus as well as other conditions such as myocardial infarction, hypertension and stoke

Overt diabetes mellitus presents with polyuria and polydipsia due to osmotic diuresis- the presence of increased glucose excreted in the urine exert an osmotic pressure, drawing water into the urine and increasing its volume.

No understanding

Having a normal fasting blood glucose is a good finding. However, resumption of poor eating habits increases the risk of diabetes mellitus moving forward. Also, there are other diagnostic criteria foe diabetes mellitus apart form fasting blood glucose such as OGTT, HbA1c

It is okay for the client to consume unrefined sugar without increased risk of diabetes mellitus. Refined sugars, however, are not recommended.

Adhering to dietary changes lowers the risk of diabetes but does not eliminate it. Other factors including genetics play a role in the development of diabetes mellitus.

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In providing discharge teaching to a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An older adult client with symptoms of osteoarthritis asks the nurse which form of exercise would be most beneficial. Which is the best response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Review H and P, nurse's note, and laboratory results. Click to mark whether the client statement indicates understanding or no understanding of the education given

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus arrives to the clinic reporting episodes of weakness and palpitations. Which finding is most important for the nurse to monitor?

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