In providing teaching for a patient recently diagnosed with an active tuberculosis (TB) infection, the nurse incorporates teaching about which medications? (Select All that Apply.)

A. Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction, making it contraindicated for patients with asthma. It can worsen asthma symptoms by blocking beta-2 adrenergic receptors, which are important for bronchodilation.
B. Theophylline is a bronchodilator that can be used in asthma management, especially in chronic cases. While it has a narrow therapeutic index and can have side effects, it is not contraindicated in acute exacerbations. However, it’s less commonly used today due to better alternatives.
C. Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation during asthma exacerbations. It is a common and appropriate medication for managing acute asthma attacks, so it does not require clarification.
D. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term asthma control. It helps reduce inflammation and bronchoconstriction. While it’s not a first-line treatment for acute exacerbations, it is appropriate for ongoing management and doesn’t need clarification.

A. This statement is not necessarily true for every situation. While close contacts of a person with active TB may need to be tested and could receive preventive treatment (especially if they are at high risk), not all family members will automatically need to take medications.
B. A standard treatment regimen for active pulmonary TB typically lasts at least 6 months, and sometimes longer, depending on the specific circumstances (e.g., drug resistance, extent of disease). Consistent adherence to the medication regimen is crucial to ensure effective treatment and prevent the development of drug-resistant TB.
C. The Mantoux test (or tuberculin skin test) may remain positive even after successful treatment for TB, as it indicates past exposure rather than active disease. The decision to discontinue medications is based on clinical and microbiological evaluations, not solely on the Mantoux test result.
D. While it is crucial for the client to complete the full course of prescribed medications, they do not need to take them for life. Treatment typically lasts for 6 to 9 months, and clients should not continue medication indefinitely. It is essential to emphasize adherence to the treatment regimen but also to note that it is finite.