In SIRS and MODS, which of the following factors eventually compromise organ perfusion?

Hypermetabolism

Hypotension and micro-emboli formation

Hyperperfusion

Hyperglycemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Hypermetabolism:
While it increases the body’s energy demands, hypermetabolism itself does not directly compromise perfusion. It contributes to catabolism and worsening organ function over time, but perfusion deficits are due to vascular and circulatory issues.

B. Hypotension and micro-emboli formation:
Hypotension reduces overall blood flow to organs, and micro-emboli can block capillaries, both of which impair oxygen and nutrient delivery, leading to organ dysfunction/failure.

C. Hyperperfusion:
This is the opposite problem - increased blood flow. SIRS and MODS are marked by hypoperfusion.

D. Hyperglycemia:
Elevated glucose contributes to inflammation and poor outcomes, but it does not directly cause impaired perfusion like hypotension and emboli do.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Cryoprecipitates:
Cryoprecipitate is rich in clotting factors like factor VIII and fibrinogen. It is used primarily for bleeding disorders such as hemophilia or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), not for volume resuscitation in hypovolemic shock.

B. Packed RBCs (red blood cells):
Packed RBCs are used to restore oxygen-carrying capacity and increase hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in cases of acute blood loss, making them appropriate for treating hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage.

C. Albumin:
Albumin is a plasma volume expander and can help in increasing oncotic pressure, but it is not the first-line blood product for hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock because it does not replace red blood cells or oxygen-carrying capacity.

D. Platelets:
Platelets are administered in cases of thrombocytopenia or active bleeding due to low platelet count. They are not used to treat hypovolemia unless there is associated platelet deficiency.

A. Cardiac tamponade B. Ruptured aneurysm C. Third spacing D. Myocardial infarction

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Cardiac tamponade:
Obstructive shock occurs when there is mechanical obstruction to cardiac output, such as in cardiac tamponade, where fluid buildup in the pericardial sac compresses the heart.

B. Ruptured aneurysm:
A ruptured aneurysm causes hypovolemic shock due to massive blood loss, not mechanical obstruction.

C. Third spacing:
This refers to fluid shifting into interstitial spaces, contributing to hypovolemic or distributive shock, not obstructive shock.

D. Myocardial infarction:
MI results in cardiogenic shock, due to decreased cardiac pump function, not obstruction to flow.

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In SIRS and MODS, which of the following factors eventually compromise organ perfusion?

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