A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?

A. Restraining the child's arms during a seizure is not recommended. Trying to hold or restrain a child’s movements can lead to injury for both the child and the caregiver. During a seizure, it is more important to ensure the child is in a safe environment and avoid any actions that might exacerbate the situation or cause harm.
B. Using a padded tongue blade is an outdated practice and is not recommended. This method was once thought to prevent the child from biting their tongue or injuring their mouth, but it can actually lead to broken teeth, injuries to the mouth, or cause airway obstruction. Instead, focusing on ensuring the child's safety and protecting their airway is more appropriate.
C. Positioning the child laterally (on their side) is an appropriate and recommended action during a seizure. This position helps keep the airway open and allows any fluids, such as saliva, to drain out of the mouth, which helps prevent aspiration and choking. This position is especially important if the child is at risk for vomiting or if the seizure lasts for a prolonged period.
D. Attempting to stop the seizure is not possible and is not recommended. Seizures typically resolve on their own, and trying to intervene actively can cause harm. Instead, focus on protecting the child from injury, monitoring the duration of the seizure, and providing support once the seizure is over.

A. This is a late sign of shock. It occurs when the body's compensatory mechanisms fail to maintain blood pressure.
B. This is one of the earliest signs of shock. The body tries to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery by increasing the respiratory rate.
C. This is a very late sign of shock, indicating severe kidney damage due to decreased blood flow.
D. This is also a late sign of shock, occurring when the brain is deprived of oxygen.