Insulin glargine (Lantus) is what type of insulin?
Long-acting insulin.
Rapid-acting insulin.
Intermediate-acting insulin.
Short-acting insulin.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Insulin glargine (Lantus) is a long-acting insulin used for basal glycemic control in diabetic patients. It has a slow onset and a steady release over approximately 24 hours, mimicking natural insulin secretion to stabilize blood glucose levels and prevent fluctuations.
Choice B rationale
Rapid-acting insulins, such as insulin lispro or aspart, have fast onsets and short durations to manage postprandial glucose spikes. Insulin glargine does not have these properties, as it is used for long-term basal control rather than immediate blood sugar regulation.
Choice C rationale
Intermediate-acting insulins like NPH have a shorter duration and peak effect compared to long-acting insulins. Insulin glargine provides a consistent effect over 24 hours, distinguishing it from intermediate-acting options.
Choice D rationale
Short-acting insulins are designed for pre-meal blood sugar control with a quick onset and limited duration. Insulin glargine does not fit this description due to its long-acting properties.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Lispro (Humalog) is a rapid-acting insulin used for mealtime glucose control. It has an onset of 15 minutes and peaks within 30 minutes to 1 hour, making it unsuitable for basal dosing.
Choice B rationale
Aspart (NovoLog), another rapid-acting insulin, is similar to lispro in its onset and peak times. It is also used for mealtime glucose control, not basal glucose regulation.
Choice C rationale
Regular insulin (Humulin R) is a short-acting insulin with an onset of 30 minutes to 1 hour and a peak of 2 to 4 hours. It cannot provide the steady basal glucose control required for 24-hour coverage.
Choice D rationale
Glargine (Lantus) is a long-acting insulin that provides consistent basal glucose control with no pronounced peak. It is designed for once-daily dosing to maintain stable glucose levels over 24 hours, meeting the requirements for basal dosing. .
Correct Answer is F
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Dextrose IVP is unnecessary with hyperglycemia. It increases the glucose level further, risking complications like hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state. This treatment is reserved for severe hypoglycemia.
Choice B rationale
Glucagon raises blood glucose and is contraindicated for hyperglycemia. It is used to treat hypoglycemia, not elevated glucose levels seen here.
Choice C rationale
Holding insulin neglects hyperglycemia management, allowing complications like ketoacidosis or delayed glucose control. Insulin is necessary to address elevated blood sugar.
Choice D rationale
Calling the MD delays hyperglycemia treatment unnecessarily, as nurses can administer insulin per protocols in cases like this.
Choice E rationale
Administering 15 units of Humalog risks inducing hypoglycemia. It is an excessive dose given the glucose level of 243 mg/dL.
Choice F rationale
Administering 4 units of Humalog is an appropriate corrective dose for a pre-meal glucose of 243 mg/dL. Rapid-acting insulin efficiently reduces glucose to safer levels, aligning with treatment protocols.
Choice G rationale
Administering 9 units of Humalog risks overcorrecting hyperglycemia, potentially causing hypoglycemia, as it exceeds typical sliding scale guidelines for this glucose level.
Choice H rationale
Administering 5 units of Humalog could be reasonable for slight hyperglycemia, but it is not specifically aligned with the sliding scale dose appropriate for 243 mg/dL.
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