Lactulose is ordered for a patient with liver disease. What would indicate the medication is exerting a positive therapeutic effect on the patient?
Decreased ascites
Decreased ammonia level
Decreased jaundice
Decreased blood pressure,
The Correct Answer is B
A. Decreased ascites
Ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity) is more directly related to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis. While lactulose may contribute to fluid balance, its primary therapeutic effect in hepatic encephalopathy is the reduction of ammonia levels.
B. Decreased ammonia level
Lactulose is a medication commonly used in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy, a condition associated with liver disease. The therapeutic effect of lactulose in this context is to reduce blood ammonia levels. Lactulose works by promoting the excretion of ammonia in the form of ammonium ions in the colon, thereby lowering ammonia concentrations in the blood.
C. Decreased jaundice
Jaundice is often associated with liver dysfunction, but lactulose is not primarily used to address jaundice. Its primary role in liver disease is in the management of hepatic encephalopathy.
D. Decreased blood pressure
Blood pressure is not a direct therapeutic target of lactulose in the context of liver disease. Lactulose's primary therapeutic effect is related to reducing ammonia levels and managing hepatic encephalopathy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Combination therapy has the best outcomes when omeprazole, propranolol, bismuth salicylate are used.
Propranolol is not an antibiotic and is not part of the standard combination therapy for H. pylori. Bismuth subsalicylate may be used in some regimens, but the standard involves a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin or metronidazole.
B. Combination therapy has the best outcomes when omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin are used.
This is the correct choice. The standard combination therapy for H. pylori infection includes a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole), clarithromycin, and amoxicillin or metronidazole.
C. The use of sucralfate along with antibiotics is the best combination therapy for peptic ulcer disease.
Sucralfate is not typically part of the standard antibiotic combination therapy for H. pylori. It is a cytoprotective agent that may be used to treat ulcers but is not a primary component in eradicating H. pylori.
D. Various antibiotics are used to eradicate the bacteria that are responsible for the development of peptic ulcer disease.
While this statement is true, it does not specify the standard combination therapy. The most common antibiotics used in combination therapy for H. pylori include clarithromycin and amoxicillin or metronidazole, along with a proton pump inhibitor.
Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Decreasing physical activity: This is not a helpful intervention for preventing constipation. Physical activity, such as regular exercise, is beneficial for promoting bowel regularity.
B. Decreasing fluid intake: This is not a helpful intervention for preventing constipation. An adequate fluid intake is crucial for maintaining bowel regularity.
C. Nutritional diet high in fiber: This is a correct choice. Consuming a diet rich in fiber helps add bulk to the stool and promotes regular bowel movements, preventing constipation.
D. Increasing fluid intake: This is a correct choice. Staying well-hydrated is important for maintaining bowel regularity. Fluids help soften the stool and aid in its passage.
E. Increasing daily activity: This is a correct choice. Regular physical activity helps stimulate bowel movements and can contribute to preventing constipation.
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