A nurse is caring for a client in an acute care setting.
The client is at risk for ________ as evidences by __________.
Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. Pick 2 choices.
Hypostatic pneumonia.
Anemia.
Fluid volume overload.
Immobility.
Calorie deficiency.
Correct Answer : A,D
Hypostatic Pneumonia Hypostatic pneumonia is a type of pneumonia that occurs when fluid or secretions settle in the lower lobes of the lungs, typically due to a lack of movement or staying in one position for too long. In this case, the client has paraplegia, which is a form of significant immobility. This condition prevents the client from effectively clearing their airway and results in decreased lung expansion.
Analysis of Evidence The clinical findings on Day 2 clearly indicate a progression toward an infectious respiratory process caused by this immobility:
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Respiratory Status: The oxygen saturation has dropped from 95% to 89%, and the respiratory rate has increased from 20/min to 24/min (tachypnea).
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Symptoms: The client has transitioned from a simple cough to a productive cough and is now experiencing confusion, which is a common sign of hypoxia in clinical settings.
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Infection Markers: The client's temperature has risen to 38.4°C (101.1°F), and the WBC count is elevated at 12,500/mm³, indicating a systemic inflammatory response or infection.
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Tachycardia: The heart rate has increased to 105/min, which is a compensatory mechanism for decreased oxygenation and the presence of a fever.
While the client's Hgb is slightly low (11.0 g/dL), it does not explain the acute onset of fever, confusion, and productive cough. Furthermore, there are no signs of fluid volume overload (such as edema or high BP) or calorie deficiency that would trigger these specific respiratory and febrile symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Depression commonly coexists with eating disorders. Patients with eating disorders often experience profound sadness, hopelessness, and a distorted body image, leading to depressive symptoms. Addressing both conditions simultaneously is crucial for effective treatment.
Choice B rationale:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) frequently accompanies eating disorders. Obsessive thoughts about body weight, shape, and food intake are common in individuals with eating disorders. These obsessions can lead to compulsive behaviors, such as strict dietary rules or excessive exercise, reinforcing the connection between eating disorders and OCD.
Choice C rationale:
Schizophrenia is not typically considered a comorbidity of eating disorders. Schizophrenia involves distorted thinking, hallucinations, and impaired emotional responses, which are distinct from the symptoms of eating disorders. While it's essential to assess patients comprehensively, schizophrenia is not a common comorbidity of eating disorders.
Choice D rationale:
Breathing-related sleep disorder is not a direct comorbidity of eating disorders. However, individuals with severe eating disorders, especially anorexia nervosa, may experience complications like sleep apnea due to extreme weight loss. While this is a potential issue, it is not a direct comorbidity of eating disorders for all patients.
Choice E rationale:
Anxiety often coexists with eating disorders. Anxiety about body weight, shape, and food intake is a significant concern for individuals with eating disorders. This anxiety can further perpetuate disordered eating behaviors, creating a cycle that is challenging to break without addressing the underlying anxiety.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Diazepam (Valium) is not the correct choice in this situation. Diazepam is a sedative and muscle relaxant but would not address the respiratory depression caused by hydromorphone. The client's respiratory rate of 10/min indicates a potential opioid overdose, and the appropriate intervention is to administer naloxone to reverse the opioid effects.
Choice B rationale:
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is not the correct choice in this scenario. Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer but would not address the respiratory depression caused by hydromorphone. The priority is to address the respiratory depression promptly with naloxone.
Choice C rationale:
Ibuprofen (Advil) is not the correct choice in this situation. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain and inflammation but is not appropriate for reversing opioid-induced respiratory depression. Naloxone is the drug of choice to reverse opioid overdose in this case.
Choice D rationale:
Naloxone (Narcan) is the correct choice. Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression. Given the client's low respiratory rate, naloxone should be administered promptly to counteract the effects of hydromorphone. This is the most appropriate and potentially life-saving intervention for this client.
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