A nurse is caring for a client who reports increased anxiety, nervousness, heat intolerance, and unintentional weight loss. Blood testing reveals decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), elevated thyroxine (T4), and elevated triiodothyronine (T3). Which of the following vital sign abnormalities does the nurse anticipate?

Decreased body temperature

Tachycardia

Hypotension

Slow respiratory rate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Decreased Body Temperature

Decreased body temperature is not typically associated with hyperthyroidism. In fact, hyperthyroidism often causes an increase in body temperature due to the accelerated metabolic rate. Patients with hyperthyroidism may experience heat intolerance and excessive sweating, but not a decrease in body temperature.

Choice B reason: Tachycardia

Tachycardia, or an abnormally fast heart rate, is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism. The elevated levels of thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) increase the body’s metabolism, leading to an increased heart rate. This can result in palpitations and a feeling of a racing heart, which are characteristic signs of hyperthyroidism. Therefore, tachycardia is the most likely vital sign abnormality in this scenario.

Choice C reason: Hypotension

Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not typically associated with hyperthyroidism. Instead, hyperthyroidism can sometimes cause an increase in blood pressure due to the heightened metabolic activity and increased cardiac output4. Therefore, hypotension is not a characteristic finding in patients with elevated thyroid hormone levels.

Choice D reason: Slow Respiratory Rate

A slow respiratory rate is not commonly seen in hyperthyroidism. The condition usually leads to an increased respiratory rate due to the body’s heightened metabolic demands. Patients with hyperthyroidism may experience shortness of breath and rapid breathing, but not a slow respiratory rate.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A: Fasting blood glucose of 140 mg/dL

A fasting blood glucose level of 140 mg/dL is above the normal range (70-99 mg/dL) but may indicate some improvement in beta cell function if it was previously higher. In type 2 diabetes, beta cells in the pancreas are responsible for producing insulin. When beta cells start to restore their function, they can produce more insulin, which helps lower blood glucose levels. However, a fasting blood glucose level of 140 mg/dL still indicates that the client has diabetes and needs to continue managing their condition.

Choice B: Client reports smoking cessation

Smoking cessation is a positive health behavior and can improve overall health, including cardiovascular health, which is often compromised in individuals with diabetes. However, it does not directly indicate the restoration of beta cell function. Beta cell function is specifically related to the pancreas’s ability to produce insulin, and smoking cessation, while beneficial, does not directly impact this.

Choice C: Weight gain of 5 lb

Weight gain can have various implications for a person with type 2 diabetes. While modest weight gain might indicate improved nutritional status or muscle mass, it does not directly indicate the restoration of beta cell function. In fact, weight gain can sometimes worsen insulin resistance, making it harder for beta cells to function effectively.

A. Conivaptan hydrochloride 20 mg IV over 30 minutes STAT B. Vasopressin 10 mcg PO daily C. Sodium chloride tablets 1 g PO three times daily D. Tolvaptan 30 mg PO twice daily

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Conivaptan hydrochloride is a vasopressin receptor antagonist used to treat hyponatremia associated with SIADH. It works by blocking the action of ADH, thereby promoting water excretion without losing sodium. This medication is appropriate for managing SIADH.

Choice B Reason:

Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is not appropriate for a patient with SIADH. SIADH is characterized by excessive release of ADH, leading to water retention and hyponatremia. Administering vasopressin would exacerbate the condition by increasing water retention and further lowering sodium levels.

Choice C Reason:

Sodium chloride tablets are used to manage hyponatremia by increasing sodium levels in the blood. This treatment is appropriate for patients with SIADH to help correct the sodium imbalance caused by excessive ADH.

Choice D Reason:

Tolvaptan is another vasopressin receptor antagonist that is used to treat hyponatremia associated with SIADH. It helps to increase serum sodium levels by promoting water excretion while retaining sodium. This medication is suitable for managing SIADH.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2 years ago. The client reports following the recommended diet and exercising four times per week. Which of the following findings indicates that the client’s beta cells are restoring normal function?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following medications should the nurse question?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to this client? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is teaching a client who has peripheral arterial disease. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

A nurse is providing care for a client who has the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following findings is consistent with a diagnosis of SIADH?

A nurse is providing care for a client who has diabetes insipidus (DI). Which of the following is a cause of acquired central diabetes insipidus?

A nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus about insulin safety. Which of the following statements by the nurse is appropriate?

A nurse is providing care for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Which of the following findings are manifestations of hyponatremia? (Select All that Apply)

A nurse is providing care for a client who has hypervolemia, ketoacidosis, and metabolic acidosis. Which of the following lab values should the nurse be concerned about?

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DK