A charge nurse is observing a staff nurse who is caring for a child who has pertussis.
Which of the following actions by the staff nurse indicates an understanding of infection control practices?
Maintains droplet precautions while the child is coughing and sneezing
Applies a face mask after entering the child's room
Wears gloves when assisting the child to the bathroom
Follows airborne precautions by wearing an N95 respirator while caring for the child
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Maintaining droplet precautions while the child is coughing and sneezing is appropriate because pertussis is primarily transmitted via respiratory droplets. Droplet precautions include wearing a surgical mask when within 3 feet of the patient to prevent droplet transmission.
B. Applying a face mask after entering the child's room is not necessary if droplet precautions are already being followed during periods of coughing and sneezing.
C. Wearing gloves when assisting the child to the bathroom is not directly related to preventing the spread of pertussis, which is primarily transmitted via respiratory droplets.
D. Airborne precautions with an N95 respirator are not indicated for pertussis, as it is not transmitted via airborne particles.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Obtaining an x-ray of the child's neck may be necessary for diagnosis, but ensuring immediate safety and infection control measures take precedence.
B. Administering intravenous antibiotics is important in the treatment of epiglottitis but is not the immediate priority.
C. Initiating droplet precautions is crucial in this case to prevent the spread of infection to others but is not as important as securing the airway.
D. Placing intubation equipment at the bedside is the first priority because epiglottitis can cause airway obstruction and respiratory distress.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"A"}
Explanation
A. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia, rather than the symptoms described in the scenario.
B. Renal scarring can occur as a complication of untreated or recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly pyelonephritis. The presence of fever and lethargy in the child, along with the history of decreased appetite, raises concerns for a urinary tract infection that could lead to renal scarring if left untreated.
C. Polycystic kidney disease typically presents later in life and is not typically associated with acute febrile illness in a 1-year-old toddler.
D. While acute glomerulonephritis can occur following certain infections such as streptococcal infections, it is less commonly associated with fever and lethargy compared to pyelonephritis.
E. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys commonly associated with fever and lethargy, especially in young children. The fever and lethargy reported by the parent, along with the urine sample obtained, suggest a concern for pyelonephritis.
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