Neuropathy is nerve degeneration that results in delayed nerve conduction and impaired sensory function due to:
Thickening, sclerosis, obstruction, and ischemia of the vessels that supply nerve fibers.
Hyperglycemia
Thickening of blood.
Hypoglycemia
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Neuropathy, particularly diabetic neuropathy, is often caused by the thickening, sclerosis (hardening), obstruction, and ischemia (reduced blood flow) of the small blood vessels that supply the nerves (vasa nervorum). This can lead to nerve degeneration, delayed nerve conduction, and impaired sensory function. Over time, high blood glucose levels can damage these small blood vessels, leading to neuropathy.
Choice B reason: While hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) is a major factor in the development of diabetic neuropathy, it is the resulting damage to the blood vessels supplying the nerves that directly causes the nerve degeneration and delayed conduction.
Choice C reason: Thickening of blood is not a direct cause of neuropathy. Neuropathy is more directly related to the damage and obstruction of the small blood vessels that supply the nerves.
Choice D reason: Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels) does not cause neuropathy. In fact, the acute effects of hypoglycemia are typically neurological symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and loss of consciousness. Chronic nerve damage, as seen in neuropathy, is usually due to prolonged hyperglycemia and its effects on blood vessels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Acidosis refers to a condition in which there is an excess of acid in the body, leading to a lower-than-normal pH. Typically, this means a pH level below 7.35. Acidosis can result from either an accumulation of acids or a loss of bicarbonate and can be classified into two types: metabolic and respiratory acidosis. This condition is the opposite of alkalosis.
Choice B reason: Alkalemia is a condition where the blood pH is higher than normal, indicating alkalinity. Alkalemia itself is not the correct term for the process or state but rather describes the elevated pH found in the blood. Alkalemia is typically diagnosed when blood pH exceeds 7.45, and it is indicative of the underlying process of alkalosis.
Choice C reason: Acidemia is characterized by an increased hydrogen ion concentration in the blood, leading to a lower-than-normal pH (below 7.35). Similar to acidosis, acidemia results from either an increase in acid production or a decrease in bicarbonate levels. It reflects the actual state of the blood pH rather than the process leading to the condition.
Choice D reason: Alkalosis refers to a condition where the body fluids have excess base (alkali) or a loss of acid, causing the pH to rise above the normal range. A pH of 7.5 falls into the category of alkalosis since it is above the normal pH range of 7.35-7.45. Alkalosis can be caused by factors such as excessive intake of alkaline substances, prolonged vomiting, or hyperventilation. It is essential to distinguish between the process (alkalosis) and the blood condition (alkalemia) to understand the physiological changes accurately.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This explanation is not correct. The reason why oral medications are not used for type 1 diabetes is not related to the child's ability to take the entire dose. The primary issue is the nature of insulin and how it must be administered.
Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect. The use of insulin injections is not based on age but on the type of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes requires insulin therapy regardless of the patient's age.
Choice C reason: Insulin is a protein that, if taken orally, would be broken down by the digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, rendering it ineffective. For this reason, insulin must be administered through subcutaneous injections to ensure it reaches the bloodstream intact and can effectively regulate blood glucose levels.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.