Stress incontinence occurs because of:
Medications
Hypertension
Full bladder
Exertional stimulus
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: While certain medications can affect bladder control, they are not the primary cause of stress incontinence. Stress incontinence is specifically related to physical exertion and increased pressure on the bladder, leading to involuntary urine leakage.
Choice B reason: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not a direct cause of stress incontinence. Stress incontinence is related to the weakening of pelvic floor muscles and increased intra-abdominal pressure rather than blood pressure levels.
Choice C reason: A full bladder can increase the likelihood of urine leakage in individuals with stress incontinence, but it is not the underlying cause. Stress incontinence occurs due to weakened pelvic floor muscles and increased pressure during physical activities.
Choice D reason: Stress incontinence occurs due to exertional stimuli that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, laughing, or physical exercise. These activities cause a sudden increase in pressure on the bladder, leading to involuntary urine leakage. The condition is often associated with weakened pelvic floor muscles, which can result from factors such as childbirth, aging, or pelvic surgery.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Alpha cells of the pancreas do not produce insulin. Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. Therefore, the absence of alpha cells would not affect insulin secretion.
Choice B reason: The primary function of alpha cells in the pancreas is to produce and secrete glucagon. Glucagon is a hormone that raises blood glucose levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver. Without alpha cells, the body would not be able to secrete glucagon, leading to issues with glucose regulation.
Choice C reason: Somatostatin and gastrin are not secreted by alpha cells. Somatostatin is produced by delta cells of the pancreas and other parts of the digestive system, while gastrin is primarily produced by G cells in the stomach lining. Therefore, the absence of alpha cells would not affect the secretion of somatostatin and gastrin.
Choice D reason: Pancreatic polypeptides are produced by PP cells (pancreatic polypeptide cells) in the pancreas. The absence of alpha cells would not impact the secretion of pancreatic polypeptides.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Excessive fluid replacement can lead to hypervolemia because it increases the total volume of fluid in the body. This can overwhelm the body's regulatory mechanisms, leading to fluid overload.
Choice B reason: Dehydration is not a cause of hypervolemia. In fact, dehydration is the opposite condition, where there is a lack of fluid in the body. Dehydration leads to a decrease in fluid volume, not an increase.
Choice C reason: Liver cirrhosis can cause hypervolemia because it impairs the liver's ability to regulate fluid balance. This can result in fluid retention and buildup in the body, leading to hypervolemia.
Choice D reason: Kidney failure can cause hypervolemia because the kidneys are responsible for maintaining fluid balance by excreting excess fluid. When the kidneys fail, they cannot effectively remove excess fluid, leading to fluid overload.
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