On assessment of the client's tongue, the client is unable to protrude the tongue and has poor strength on testing against resistance.
This would indicate dysfunction of which cranial nerve?

Optic nerve.

Abducens nerve.

Hypoglossal nerve.

Vestibulocochlear nerve.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

The optic nerve (CN II) is responsible for vision. It transmits visual information from the retina to the brain. Dysfunction in this nerve typically results in visual disturbances such as loss of vision, visual field defects, or difficulty in distinguishing colors. It does not control the movement or strength of the tongue.

Choice B rationale

The abducens nerve (CN VI) innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye, which is responsible for abducting the eye (moving it outward). Dysfunction in this nerve can lead to strabismus (misalignment of the eyes), double vision, or inability to move the eye outward. It does not affect tongue movement or strength.

Choice C rationale

The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) innervates the muscles of the tongue, controlling its movement and strength. Dysfunction in this nerve can result in difficulty protruding the tongue, poor strength against resistance, and impaired speech or swallowing. Therefore, the symptoms described in the question indicate a dysfunction of the hypoglossal nerve.

Choice D rationale

The vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) is responsible for hearing and balance. It transmits sound and equilibrium information from the inner ear to the brain. Dysfunction in this nerve can lead to hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, or balance problems. It does not control tongue movement or strength.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Glaucoma is characterized by increased intraocular pressure that can lead to optic nerve damage and peripheral vision loss. It does not typically cause central vision loss or the presence of a large black spot in the center of vision.

Choice B rationale

A detached retina often causes the sudden appearance of floaters or flashes of light, and a shadow or curtain effect in the peripheral vision. It does not typically present as a black spot in the center of vision.

Choice C rationale

Macular degeneration is an age-related condition that affects the central part of the retina (macula). It leads to central vision loss, which can manifest as a black or dark spot in the center of vision. This condition progressively impairs the ability to see fine details and perform activities like reading or recognizing faces.

Choice D rationale

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels in the retina. It can cause vision changes, such as floaters or blurred vision, but it does not typically present as a large black spot in the center of vision.

A. Atrial depolarization. B. Atrial repolarization. C. Ventricular depolarization. D. Ventricular repolarization.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Atrial depolarization refers to the electrical activation of the atria, which is depicted by the P wave on an ECG, not the T wave. The P wave represents the contraction phase of the atria as it pumps blood into the ventricles. Therefore, this option is incorrect for the T wave.

Choice B rationale

Atrial repolarization is the process of the atria returning to their resting state. This repolarization is generally obscured by the QRS complex on an ECG and is not associated with the T wave. Thus, this answer choice is also incorrect.

Choice C rationale

Ventricular depolarization is represented by the QRS complex on an ECG. It indicates the ventricles are contracting to pump blood to the lungs and the rest of the body. Therefore, it does not correlate with the T wave.

Choice D rationale

Ventricular repolarization is indicated by the T wave on an ECG. This phase signifies the ventricles returning to their resting state after the contraction. It is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the T wave's function.

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On assessment of the client's tongue, the client is unable to protrude the tongue and has poor strength on testing against resistance.This would indicate dysfunction of which cranial nerve?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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On assessment of the client's tongue, the client is unable to protrude the tongue and has poor strength on testing against resistance.
This would indicate dysfunction of which cranial nerve?