Order: Diazepam 4 mg via nasogastric tube t.i.d.
Available: Diazepam oral solution 5 mg per 5 mL. How many milliliters should the client receive per dosage?
0.8 ml
4ml
3ml
12 ml
The Correct Answer is B
Given:
Ordered dose of Diazepam: 4 mg
Concentration of Diazepam oral solution: 5 mg/5 mL
Step 1: Set up the proportion:
Desired dose (mg) / Volume to administer (mL) = Concentration (mg/mL)
Step 2: Substitute the values:
4 mg / Volume = 5 mg/5 mL
Step 3: Solve for the unknown volume:
Volume = 4 mg / (5 mg/5 mL)
Volume = 4 mg x (5 mL/5 mg)
Volume = 4 mL
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Prevent respiratory infections:
Albuterol does not prevent respiratory infections. It is a bronchodilator, which means it works to relax and open the airways, improving airflow during episodes of bronchospasm (such as during an asthma attack or exacerbation of COPD). Respiratory infections are usually managed by other types of medications, such as antibiotics or antivirals, depending on the type of infection.
B) Decrease mucus production in the lungs:
While albuterol may help improve breathing and airway function by dilating the airways, it does not directly decrease mucus production. Albuterol works to relieve bronchospasms (tightening of the muscles around the airways), making it easier to breathe, but it doesn’t target mucus production. Some other treatments, like mucolytics or expectorants, are more directly aimed at reducing mucus in the lungs.
C) Reduce inflammation in the airways:
Albuterol is not an anti-inflammatory medication. Its main role is as a bronchodilator, which works by relaxing the muscles around the airways, relieving bronchospasm. Inflammation in the airways is a key component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but albuterol does not directly reduce this inflammation. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are typically used to address inflammation in COPD.
D) Improve airflow and relieve bronchospasms:
Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) that works by relaxing the smooth muscles around the airways in the lungs, which helps open them up and improves airflow. This action provides quick relief from symptoms of bronchospasm, such as wheezing and shortness of breath, making it the most appropriate explanation for its use in COPD patients.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Given:
Ordered dose of Augmentin: 250 mg
Drug comes in a 2 gram vial
Reconstituted volume: 77.2 mL
Concentration after reconstitution: 125 mg/5 mL
Step 1: Calculate the total volume of the reconstituted solution:
Total volume = 77.2 mL
Step 2: Calculate the total amount of Augmentin in the solution:
Total amount (mg) = Concentration (mg/mL) x Total volume (mL)
Total amount (mg) = 125 mg/5 mL x 77.2 mL
Total amount (mg) = 1930 mg
Step 3: Determine the number of doses in the vial:
Number of doses = Total amount (mg) / Ordered dose (mg/dose)
Number of doses = 1930 mg / 250 mg/dose
Number of doses = 7.72 doses
Step 4: Calculate the volume per dose:
Volume per dose (mL) = Total volume (mL) / Number of doses
Volume per dose (mL) = 77.2 mL / 7.72 doses
Volume per dose (mL) = 10 mL
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