Order: Hydroxyzine 25 mg PO STAT

Available: Refer to the med label below

How many milliliters will you administer? (Insert the numerical value only)

A. Hepatic metabolism will fully compensate for the decreased renal excretion: This is inaccurate. While the liver may play a role in metabolizing some drugs, it cannot fully compensate for reduced renal clearance of medications that are primarily excreted by the kidneys.
B. Dose adjustment may be necessary to prevent drug accumulation: In patients with kidney failure, reduced renal clearance slows the elimination of renally-excreted drugs. Without dose adjustment, drug levels can build up, increasing the risk of toxicity. Dosing must be tailored to the patient’s renal function, often guided by creatinine clearance or GFR.
C. The medication's half-life will likely be shorter due to decreased renal function: The opposite is true. Impaired renal function slows drug excretion, prolonging the drug’s half-life, which means the drug stays in the system longer and can accumulate to toxic levels if not adjusted.
D. The risk of drug toxicity is decreased due to impaired excretion: Impaired excretion increases, not decreases, the risk of toxicity. Renally-excreted drugs that are not properly cleared can accumulate and reach dangerous concentrations in the bloodstream.

A. Donepezil cures Alzheimer's disease: There is currently no cure for Alzheimer's disease. Donepezil does not halt or reverse the disease process; it only manages symptoms for a limited period in some patients.
B. Donepezil prevents the progression of Alzheimer’s disease: Donepezil does not prevent the neurodegenerative progression of Alzheimer’s. The disease will continue to advance despite treatment, although symptoms may be temporarily improved.
C. Donepezil reverses Alzheimer’s disease: Alzheimer's-related brain damage is irreversible, and Donepezil cannot regenerate lost neurons or restore lost function. It may slightly improve cognitive function but cannot reverse the disease process.
D. Donepezil provides symptom relief for Alzheimer’s disease: Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor that increases acetylcholine levels in the brain, temporarily improving cognitive symptoms like memory and awareness. It is approved for symptom management, especially in mild to moderate stages.