Oxygen at 5 L/minute per nasal cannula is being administered to a 10-year-old child with pneumonia. When planning care for this child, which principle of oxygen administration should the nurse consider?

Oxygen is less toxic when it is humidified with a hydration source.

Avoid administration of oxygen at high levels for extended periods.

Increase oxygen rate during sleep to compensate for slower respiratory rate.

Taking a sedative at bedtime slows respiratory rate, which decreases oxygen needs.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Oxygen is less toxic when it is humidified with a hydration source. While humidification can prevent drying of the respiratory mucosa, it does not directly relate to the principle of avoiding high levels of oxygen for extended periods.
B.   Avoid administration of oxygen at high levels for extended periods. This is the correct principle. Prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen can lead to oxygen toxicity, which can cause lung damage. Oxygen therapy should be titrated to maintain adequate oxygenation without exposing the patient to excessive oxygen levels.
C.   Increase oxygen rate during sleep to compensate for slower respiratory rate. This statement is incorrect. Oxygen therapy should be adjusted based on the patient's oxygen saturation levels and respiratory status, not solely on sleep patterns.
D.   Taking a sedative at bedtime slows respiratory rate, which decreases oxygen needs. While sedatives can depress respiratory rate, leading to decreased oxygen needs, this is not a general principle of oxygen administration. Oxygen therapy should be based on the patient's oxygenation needs rather than medications they are taking.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Bruising of the skin is not typically associated with acute gastritis caused by contaminated water. While bruising may be a sign of other medical conditions or complications, it is not directly related to gastritis.

B. Low-grade fever can be a symptom of gastritis, especially if it is caused by an infectious agent. However, it is not typically a severe or emergent symptom that requires immediate reporting unless it is accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

C. Abdominal cramping is a common symptom of gastritis and may occur due to inflammation of the stomach lining. While it should be monitored, it is not as concerning as the potential complication indicated by option D.

D. Bloody emesis (vomiting blood) is a serious symptom that can indicate severe gastritis or complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding. It is essential to report this symptom promptly as it may require immediate medical attention and intervention.

A. The client may be developing sepsis. B. The client may be dehydrated. C. The client may have increasing symptoms of head injury. D. The client may have been sleeping. E. The client may be improving clinically. F. The client may require more morphine G. The client may be experiencing sedative effects of morphine.

Correct Answer is ["C","D","G"]

Explanation

A. The client may be developing sepsis.

Sepsis typically presents with symptoms such as fever, increased heart rate, increased respiratory rate, and altered blood pressure. There is no indication of these signs in the provided data,
making sepsis an unlikely cause for the change in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score.

B. The client may be dehydrated.

Dehydration can affect cognitive function, but there is no evidence suggesting dehydration in this scenario (e.g., normal heart rate, blood pressure, and no noted intake/output imbalance).
C. The client may have increasing symptoms of head injury.

A decrease in GCS score can indicate worsening head injury symptoms, such as increased intracranial pressure or bleeding.
D. The client may have been sleeping.

Sleeping can temporarily affect the GCS score, particularly the eye-opening component.

E. The client may be improving clinically.

Improvement clinically would likely result in a stable or improved GCS score, not a decrease.

F. The client may require more morphine.

Needing more morphine would typically be due to increased pain, but this should not directly affect the GCS score unless severe pain is causing altered consciousness, which is not indicated here.
G. The client may be experiencing sedative effects of morphine.

Morphine, especially given intravenously, can cause sedation, which could lower the GCS score.

H. The client may need food.

Needing food would not typically cause an immediate change in GCS score unless associated with severe hypoglycemia, which is not indicated by the provided data.

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Oxygen at 5 L/minute per nasal cannula is being administered to a 10-year-old child with pneumonia. When planning care for this child, which principle of oxygen administration should the nurse consider?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client with acute gastritis caused by drinking contaminated water. The nurse should emphasize the need to report the onset of which problem?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Exhibits Which may have caused the change in the Glasgow Coma Scale score between 2000 and 2400? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["C","D","G"]

Explanation

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