Parents ask the nurse why an over-the-counter cough suppressant with sedative side effects is not recommended for infants. Which response by the nurse is correct?
"Cough medicine tastes bad, and infants usually won't take it."
"Infants are more susceptible to central nervous system effects than adults are."
"Babies have a more rapid gastric emptying time and don't absorb drugs well."
"Infants metabolize drugs too rapidly, so drugs aren't as effective."
The Correct Answer is B
a) The taste of cough medicine is not the primary concern for not recommending it to infants. The key issue lies in potential adverse effects, especially on the central nervous system. b) Infants have an immature central nervous system and are more susceptible to the sedative effects of medications. This is a critical factor in avoiding medications with sedative side effects in infants.
c) Gastric emptying time and drug absorption are generally faster in infants, making them more susceptible to rapid drug effects rather than less. However, the central nervous system effects are of greater concern.
d) Infants may metabolize drugs differently, but this does not necessarily mean the drugs are less effective. The primary concern is the potential for increased susceptibility to adverse effects.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
a) This is false because oral medications can be given to infants if they are in liquid form, have a suitable dose, and are administered with a dropper or syringe. However, oral medications should be given with caution and only when prescribed by a doctor.
b) This is false because lipid-soluble drugs are not easily passed into breast milk and do not affect breastfeeding infants. However, some drugs can be harmful to breastfeeding infants and should be avoided or used with caution by nursing mothers.
c) Immaturity of renal function in infancy affects drug excretion, potentially leading to prolonged drug effects and increased risk of toxicity.
d) Infants are more sensitive to medications that act on the central nervous system, and dose adjustments may be needed to prevent adverse effects.
e) Immature liver function in infants can slow down drug metabolism and elimination, leading to a higher risk of drug accumulation and toxicity.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Allopurinol inhibits the synthesis of uric acid, preventing its formation.
B) Colchicine is typically used for gout flares and reduces inflammation but is not usually taken concurrently with probenecid and allopurinol. NSAIDs or corticosteroids are often used for pain control during acute attacks.
C) Colchicine is known for its anti-inflammatory properties but does not prevent uric acid synthesis or facilitate its elimination.
D) Probenecid increases the excretion of uric acid in the urine.
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