Patient Data
Chart is reviewed.
Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
The Correct Answer is []
Rationale for Correct Choices:
• Sickle cell crisis: The infant’s pallor, edema in hands and feet, irritability, poor feeding, decreased urine output, and recent infection align with a vaso-occlusive episode typical in sickle cell disease.
•IV and oral fluids decrease blood viscosity and improve circulation, which is essential to prevent worsening of vaso-occlusion and associated pain.
• As able, elevate extremities: Elevating affected extremities promotes venous return, reduces swelling, and alleviates discomfort during the crisis.
• Intake and output: Monitoring fluid balance is critical to detect dehydration or renal compromise, which are risks in sickle cell crises due to reduced perfusion and poor intake.
• White blood cell count: WBC monitoring helps detect infection, which can trigger or worsen a sickle cell crisis, and assesses the body’s inflammatory response during the acute event.
Rationale for Incorrect Choices:
• Leukemia: While leukemia can present with pallor and fatigue, the acute swelling of hands and feet, irritability, and trigger by recent infection are more characteristic of sickle cell crisis rather than leukemia.
• Pneumonia: Adventitious lung sounds are noted, but the primary presenting signs (pallor, extremity edema, decreased urine output, pain) are more consistent with sickle cell crisis; pneumonia alone would not explain extremity edema.
• Potential Condition: Stroke: Stroke in infants may cause focal neurological deficits or asymmetric movement, but this infant shows generalized extremity involvement without focal weakness, making stroke less likely.
• Initiate sliding scale insulin: There is no evidence of hyperglycemia requiring insulin; blood glucose monitoring is not indicated for the acute presentation.
• Cool the environment: Cooling can worsen vasoconstriction and precipitate a sickle cell crisis; it is contraindicated in vaso-occlusive episodes.
• Begin bilirubin light therapy: The infant does not present with jaundice or hyperbilirubinemia; phototherapy is not indicated.
• Blood glucose: There is no indication of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia contributing to this presentation, so monitoring glucose is not priority.
• Clotting times: There is no evidence of coagulopathy or bleeding disorder in this scenario; monitoring clotting times is unnecessary.
• Bilirubin: The infant has no jaundice or lab evidence of hyperbilirubinemia, making bilirubin monitoring nonessential.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hydrocortisone: The client is experiencing an Addisonian (adrenal) crisis, evidenced by weakness, confusion, dehydration, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia. Intravenous hydrocortisone provides the deficient cortisol necessary to stabilize electrolytes, improve vascular tone, and support glucose regulation.
B. Potassium chloride: Although the client’s potassium is elevated, administering potassium would worsen hyperkalemia. The priority is treating the underlying adrenal insufficiency rather than directly correcting potassium at this stage.
C. Broad spectrum antibiotic: There is no evidence of a bacterial infection causing the crisis; the client’s acute illness is a viral infection, and antibiotics would not address adrenal insufficiency. Antibiotics may be considered only if a bacterial infection is confirmed.
D. Regular insulin: Insulin lowers blood glucose and potassium, but this client is hypoglycemic and hyperkalemic due to adrenal crisis. Administering insulin would exacerbate hypoglycemia and is contraindicated in this scenario.
Correct Answer is ["0.6"]
Explanation
Calculation:
- Convert the client's weight from pounds (lb) to kilograms (kg).
The client's weight is 154 lb.
Client weight (kg) = 154lb/2.2lb/kg
= 70kg.
- Calculate the total dose to be administered (units).
The ordered dose is 200 units/kg.
Total dose (units) = 200units/kg×70kg
= 14,000units.
- Calculate the volume to administer in milliliters (mL).
Available concentration is 25,000units/mL.
Volume (mL) = Totaldose(units)/Availableconcentration(units/mL)
= 14,000units/25,000units/mL
= 0.56mL.
- Round the answer to the nearest tenth.
= 0.6mL.
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