Patient Data

Exhibits

Nurse reviews data.

For each joint, click to specify what type of range of motion was being assessed based on findings. Each category will have one response.

Joint

Type of Range of Motion

Wrist - able to bend wrist back toward forearm

Abduction Flexion Extension

Adduction

Shoulder - unable to move the arm away from the body

Extension Adduction Flexion

Abduction

Flexion

Adduction

Abduction

Extension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

WRIST - ABLE TO BEND WRIST BACK TOWARD FOREARM:

Abduction

Abduction refers to the movement of a body part away from the body's midline. This movement is typically used for fingers, arms, or legs, but not for the wrist. Therefore, this choice is incorrect for the wrist's range of motion.

Flexion

Flexion refers to the bending of a joint that reduces the angle between two body parts. For the wrist, flexion would involve bending the wrist forward, toward the palm of the hand. Since the patient is able to bend the wrist backward (toward the forearm), this is not the correct choice.

Extension

Extension refers to straightening a joint, which increases the angle between the body parts. For the wrist, extension is the movement where the hand moves away from the palm (backward toward the forearm). This is the correct choice because the patient is able to bend the wrist back toward the forearm, which is extension.

Adduction

Adduction refers to the movement of a body part toward the body's midline. This is not relevant to the wrist, so it is an incorrect option.

SHOULDER - UNABLE TO MOVE THE ARM AWAY FROM THE BODY:

Extension

Extension refers to the movement that straightens a joint, increasing the angle between two parts of the body. For the shoulder, this would involve moving the arm behind the body, and it's not the movement of the arm away from the body, so this is not the correct choice.

Adduction

Adduction refers to moving a body part toward the midline of the body. For the shoulder, this would involve moving the arm closer to the body. This does not correspond to the action of moving the arm away from the body, so this is not the correct choice either.

Flexion

Flexion refers to the bending of a joint that decreases the angle between two body parts. For the shoulder, this would involve raising the arm forward, not moving it away from the body. This is not the correct choice for the described movement.

Abduction

Abduction refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. In this case, the shoulder movement of moving the arm away from the body is abduction. Since the client is unable to move the arm away from the body (i.e., is experiencing weakness or limited ROM), the shoulder’s range of motion has a restriction in abduction.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. If the apical impulse is more vigorous than expected, it may indicate an abnormal finding, such as hyperdynamic circulation or heart failure. The nurse should not simply record this without further investigation.
B. It is important to investigate whether the client has a history of heart disease, as conditions like left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, or valvular heart disease could cause changes in the apical impulse. This provides context for understanding the findings.
C. Obtaining the client’s blood pressure is important in assessing cardiovascular health, but the most immediate response to a more vigorous apical impulse would be to explore the potential cause, including heart disease, rather than simply measuring blood pressure.
D. Comparing the apical pulse to the carotid pulse may help assess if the increased pulse force is generalized or localized, and whether it might be a sign of circulatory changes. This would help clarify whether the finding is normal or indicative of pathology.

A. Palpate the radial pulses in both arms for a deficit. B. Use the stethoscope to listen over the carotid artery. C. Feel the volume of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibialis pulses. D. Auscultate the apical pulse at the point of maximal impulse.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Palpating the radial pulses might not detect irregularities in pulse rate or rhythm as effectively as auscultation at the apical site.
B. Listening over the carotid artery may be useful in certain situations but is not the preferred method for assessing overall pulse rate.
C. Feeling the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibialis pulses provides information about peripheral circulation but does not assess the overall heart rate.
D. Auscultating the apical pulse is the most accurate method to assess the pulse rate, especially in clients with cardiovascular disease, as it provides direct measurement of heart activity.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During the precordium assessment, the nurse palpates the apical impulse of a client on the 5th intercostal space left mid-clavicular line. The pulse is more vigorous than expected. Which action should the nurse take in response to this finding?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When assessing an older adult client with a history of cardiovascular disease, dyspnea, and peripheral edema, which method is best for the nurse to use to assess the client's pulse rate?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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