Patient Data
What actions can the nurse do to assist the client in improving their ventilation and oxygenation? Select all that apply.
Avoid treating fever with antipyretics
Encourage the client to take breaks from the oxygen mask every few hours
Providing suctioning so the client does not have to cough
Assist the client in ambulating safely
Asking the client do quick, shallow breaths
Positioning the client with the head of the bed elevated
Teaching the client to cough at least once an hour
Correct Answer : B,D,F
B. Encourage the client to take breaks from the oxygen mask every few hours: While supplemental oxygen may be necessary for clients with pneumonia who are hypoxemic, encouraging periodic breaks from the oxygen mask allows the client to mobilize and promote lung expansion, which can improve ventilation and oxygenation.
D. Ambulation helps prevent complications such as pneumonia-associated atelectasis by promoting lung expansion and mobilizing respiratory secretions. However, it's essential to ensure that ambulation is safe and appropriate based on the client's condition and mobility status.
F. Elevating the head of the bed promotes optimal lung expansion, reduces the work of breathing, and helps improve oxygenation in clients with pneumonia. This position also facilitates drainage of respiratory secretions and decreases the risk of aspiration.
A. Fever is often a sign of infection and can increase metabolic demand and oxygen consumption. Treating fever with antipyretics helps reduce metabolic demand, discomfort, and respiratory distress, thereby potentially improving ventilation and oxygenation.
C. Suctioning may be necessary to remove respiratory secretions in clients with pneumonia who are unable to clear their airways effectively. However, routine suctioning should be avoided unless clinically indicated, as it may cause discomfort and irritation to the airways.
E. Quick, shallow breaths (hyperventilation) can lead to respiratory alkalosis and impair oxygenation. Instead, clients with pneumonia should be encouraged to breathe slowly and deeply to promote effective gas exchange and lung expansion.
G. Teaching the client to cough at least once an hour: While coughing can help clear respiratory secretions and improve ventilation in clients with pneumonia, coughing excessively or unnecessarily may cause fatigue and discomfort. Clients should be encouraged to cough as needed to clear secretions but not excessively.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
D. The priority nursing intervention should be to assess and stabilize the patient's immediate medical needs. The confusion and vomiting could be indicative of increased intracranial pressure or another acute condition requiring immediate attention. Therefore, the most appropriate first action would be to complete a head-to-toe neurological assessment.
A. Determining the last dose of corticosteroids may not address the immediate concerns of confusion and projectile vomiting.
B. Administering an antiemetic is not the priority action as the vomiting is likely due to head trauma with subsequent raised ICP.
C. Understanding the baseline neurological status is essential for subsequent assessment and management but it may not address the immediate concerns of confusion and vomiting.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Inserting a nasogastric tube (NGT) and attaching it to low intermittent suction would be appropriate in this situation. Dark brown emesis could indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, which may require gastric decompression to prevent further vomiting and assess the volume and characteristics of the gastric contents.
B. Placing an indwelling urinary catheter and attaching a bedside drainage unit is not the priority intervention in this scenario.
C. Sending the client to x-ray for a flat plate of the abdomen may provide diagnostic information, but it is not the most immediate intervention needed in this situation.
D. Giving a prescribed analgesic for a temperature above 101°F (38.3°C) is not the priority intervention in this scenario.
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