Patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures must be aware of which adverse effect(s)? (Select all that apply.)

Blood dyscrasias

Hyperglycemia

Urinary retention

Gingival hyperplasia

Sedation

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D

A. Blood dyscrasias: This is a correct choice. Phenytoin can cause blood dyscrasias, including conditions like leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia.

B. Hyperglycemia: This is not typically associated with phenytoin. The primary adverse effects related to blood sugar are usually changes in glucose metabolism or hypoglycemia.

C. Urinary retention: This is not a common adverse effect of phenytoin. It is more associated with other medications or medical conditions.

D. Gingival hyperplasia: This is a correct choice. Phenytoin is known to cause gingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of the gum tissue.

E. Sedation: This is not a common adverse effect of phenytoin. Phenytoin is more known for causing CNS-related side effects like nystagmus, ataxia, and dizziness.

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Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

Each tablet contains 8 mg of the active ingredient, candesartan. The physician has ordered 16 mg of Atacand, which means you need to give two tablets. You can use this formula to find the number of tablets:

Number of tablets = Ordered dose / Tablet strength

Number of tablets = 16 mg / 8 mg

Number of tablets = 2

Therefore, you would administer two tablets of Atacand to the patient.

A. "This medication may make my movements smoother." B. "My skin may turn yellow if I miss too many doses." C. "I need to take vitamin B6 supplements medication with this medication." D. “I should take this medicine on an empty stomach." E. I need to check my blood sugar regularly while taking this

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. "This medication may make my movements smoother."

This statement is correct. Carbidopa-levodopa is used to improve motor symptoms in parkinsonism, making movements smoother.

B. "My skin may turn yellow if I miss too many doses."

This statement is not accurate. Yellowing of the skin (jaundice) is not a known side effect of carbidopa-levodopa. This statement indicates a need for further clarification.

C. "I need to take vitamin B6 supplements with this medication."

This statement is incorrect. While vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) can reduce the effectiveness of levodopa, carbidopa is included in the formulation to prevent its peripheral conversion, allowing more levodopa to reach the brain. Vitamin B6 supplements are generally not recommended with carbidopa-levodopa.

D. "I should take this medicine on an empty stomach."

This statement is not accurate. Carbidopa-levodopa is typically taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Taking it on an empty stomach may increase the risk of nausea.

E. "I need to check my blood sugar regularly while taking this."

This statement is not directly related to carbidopa-levodopa. Monitoring blood sugar is essential for individuals with diabetes but is not a specific requirement related to this medication.

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Patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures must be aware of which adverse effect(s)? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The physician writes an order for Atacand 16 mg. Each tablet contains 8 mg. How many tablets would you administer?

Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a client with parkinsonism about carbidopa-levodopa. Which statement(s) by the client indicate(s) the need for further teaching? Select All That Apply

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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Patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures must be aware of which adverse effect(s)? (Select all that apply.)

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