(PHARM) The nurse instructs a person taking phenytoin (Dilantin) that periodic blood tests will be necessary. The nurse explains that the laboratory checks will monitor for which potential medication-induced change?
Increasing creatinine
Liver damage
Potassium depletion
Increasing sedimentation rates
The Correct Answer is B
A. While creatinine levels are important for kidney function, phenytoin is more commonly associated with hepatic (liver) effects than renal toxicity.
B. Phenytoin is metabolized in the liver and can cause hepatotoxicity. Periodic liver function tests are essential to monitor for potential liver damage.
C. Potassium depletion is not typically associated with phenytoin use. It is more commonly a concern with diuretics or other medications affecting electrolytes.
D. Sedimentation rate is a non-specific marker of inflammation and is not used to monitor phenytoin therapy.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Explaining the situation to the family is important, but it is not a prioritywhen the patient is in respiratory distress.
B. Establishing an IV line may be necessary later for treatment, but it does not immediately address the low oxygen saturationor respiratory compromise.
C. Raising the patient to a High Fowler’s positionhelps to maximize lung expansionand improve oxygenation, making it the first and most immediate action.
D. Notifying the charge nurse is appropriate afterthe nurse takes action to stabilize the patient’s airway and breathing.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Muscle biopsies are not used to diagnose MS; they are more relevant in diagnosing muscle disorders, not central nervous system demyelination.
B. There are no definitive blood markers specific to MS; blood tests are mainly used to rule out other conditions.
C. A lumbar puncture may support a diagnosis by revealing oligoclonal bands or inflammatory markers, but it is not the primary determinant.
D. The diagnosis of MS is largely clinical, based on a combination of the patient’s history, reported symptoms (such as vision problems, weakness, and numbness), and neurological examination findings, often supported by MRI and other tests.
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