Regular insulin is considered:

Long-acting

Rapid-acting

Intermediate-acting

Short-acting

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Long-acting insulins, like glargine, provide basal coverage over 24 hours with no peak. Regular insulin has a shorter duration (6-8 hours) and peak (2-4 hours), making it unsuitable for basal control. Its rapid onset classifies it as short-acting, not long-acting, for managing postprandial glucose spikes in diabetes.

Choice B reason: Rapid-acting insulins, like aspart, have an onset of 10-15 minutes and peak at 1-2 hours. Regular insulin has a slower onset (30-60 minutes) and longer duration (6-8 hours), making it short-acting, not rapid-acting. This distinction is critical for timing insulin administration in diabetes management.

Choice C reason: Intermediate-acting insulins, like NPH, have an onset of 1-2 hours and duration of 12-18 hours. Regular insulin’s shorter duration (6-8 hours) and peak (2-4 hours) classify it as short-acting, used for prandial coverage, not intermediate basal control, making this an incorrect classification.

Choice D reason: Regular insulin is short-acting, with an onset of 30-60 minutes, peak at 2-4 hours, and duration of 6-8 hours. It effectively controls postprandial glucose spikes in diabetes by mimicking physiological insulin release. This classification guides its use in meal-time dosing, making it the correct choice.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Syrup of ipecac is obsolete for acetaminophen overdose, as it delays definitive treatment like N-acetylcysteine. Acetaminophen causes hepatotoxicity via toxic metabolites, requiring specific antidote administration. Ipecac risks aspiration and is ineffective post-gastric lavage, making it an inappropriate choice for managing this potentially life-threatening overdose.

Choice B reason: Vitamin K treats bleeding from anticoagulant overdose, not acetaminophen toxicity, which causes hepatotoxicity by depleting glutathione, leading to liver damage. Vitamin K does not address acetaminophen’s metabolic effects, making it irrelevant. N-acetylcysteine is needed to restore glutathione and detoxify metabolites, making this choice incorrect.

Choice C reason: N-acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose, replenishing glutathione to detoxify the toxic metabolite NAPQI, preventing liver damage. Administered post-gastric lavage, it reduces hepatotoxicity risk, especially if given within 8 hours of ingestion, making it the expected treatment to protect the child’s liver function.

Choice D reason: Activated charcoal adsorbs toxins in the gut but is less effective post-gastric lavage, as the stomach is already cleared. Acetaminophen’s rapid absorption requires N-acetylcysteine to prevent hepatotoxicity. Charcoal may be used early but is secondary to the antidote, making it less critical in this scenario.

A. Edematous abdomen B. Thick, oily hair C. Hyperactivity D. Slowed growth E. White streak in hair

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Kwashiorkor, a protein-energy malnutrition, causes hypoalbuminemia, reducing oncotic pressure and leading to fluid leakage into tissues, particularly the abdomen, causing edema. This is a hallmark sign, reflecting severe protein deficiency, impairing liver albumin synthesis and causing ascites, commonly observed in children with this condition.

Choice B reason: Thick, oily hair is not characteristic of kwashiorkor, which causes thin, brittle hair due to protein deficiency impairing keratin synthesis. Hair may appear discolored or sparse, but not thick or oily. Edema and growth issues are more typical, making this an incorrect finding for kwashiorkor.

Choice C reason: Hyperactivity is not associated with kwashiorkor, which causes lethargy due to severe protein-energy deficiency, reducing metabolic capacity and energy levels. Children appear apathetic, not hyperactive. Edema and slowed growth are hallmark signs, making hyperactivity an incorrect manifestation of this malnutrition condition.

Choice D reason: Slowed growth is a hallmark of kwashiorkor, as protein deficiency impairs tissue synthesis and growth hormone function, leading to stunting. Inadequate amino acids hinder cell division and muscle development, making growth retardation a common finding in affected children, reflecting the disease’s impact on development.

Choice E reason: A white streak in hair (flag sign) occurs in kwashiorkor due to intermittent protein deficiency, disrupting melanin and keratin synthesis during hair growth. This results in alternating bands of discolored hair, a classic sign of malnutrition, reflecting periods of inadequate protein intake in affected children.

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Regular insulin is considered:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A child is brought to the emergency department because he ingested an unknown quantity of acetaminophen (Tylenol). What does the nurse expect this child to receive following gastric lavage?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Parents have adopted a child with the diagnosis of kwashiorkor. What is most likely to be observed when assessing this child? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

A child with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed a corticosteroid. The nurse should ensure the child is:

The greatest threat to life in isotonic dehydration is:

Which instructions should the nurse give parents about caring for a child with acute glomerulonephritis with edema?

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with the parent of a child who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the parent requires a clarification of the teaching?

A nurse is caring for a toddler who has intussusception. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

A nurse is collecting data from a 3-year-old child who has acute diarrhea and dehydration. Which of the following findings indicates that oral rehydration therapy has been effective?

A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has celiac disease. The nurse should include which of the following as an unacceptable food choice for this child?

A nurse is planning care for a child who has severe diarrhea. Which of the following actions is the nurse’s priority?