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Scenario

A nurse is caring for a 26-year-old gravida 2 para 1 female client in the labor and delivery unit. The client delivered vaginally three years ago under epidural anesthesia. She is now in active labor and has been admitted for monitoring and pain management.

Exhibits
Click to highlight the findings that indicate the client is progressing and ready for an epidural. Select three findings which indicate that this client is ready for epidural anesthesia.

Active labor with moderate contractions

Pain reported as 7/10 on a numeric pain scale

Membranes are intact

Fetal heart rate is reactive with moderate variability

IV line has been initiated

Blood pressure is 130/80 mmHg

Temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C)

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Choice A rationale: Active labor with moderate contractions indicates that the cervix is dilating and the client is progressing in labor. It signifies that the client is experiencing significant pain and discomfort, making her a candidate for epidural anesthesia for pain relief.

Choice B rationale: Pain reported as 7/10 on a numeric pain scale indicates that the client is experiencing severe pain. Epidural anesthesia is effective in managing severe labor pain and improving the client's comfort during the birthing process.

Choice C rationale: Membranes are intact does not indicate that the client is ready for epidural anesthesia. The status of the membranes does not affect the timing of administering epidural anesthesia.

Choice D rationale: Fetal heart rate is reactive with moderate variability indicates that the fetus is in good condition and tolerating labor well. Epidural anesthesia can be safely administered when fetal monitoring shows reassuring signs.

Choice E rationale: IV line has been initiated is a necessary step for administering epidural anesthesia, but it does not alone indicate that the client is ready for the procedure. Other indicators of labor progression are needed.

Choice F rationale: Blood pressure is 130/80 mmHg indicates that the client's blood pressure is within normal limits. While it's important to have stable vital signs before administering an epidural, this alone does not indicate readiness for the procedure.

Choice G rationale: Temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C) is within the normal range and does not affect the timing of administering epidural anesthesia. Temperature monitoring is important, but it is not a primary factor in determining readiness for an epidural.

Nursing Test Bank

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Assisting the client to void before walking can prevent potential incontinence episodes, which might be embarrassing for the client. Additionally, a full bladder can increase the risk of falls due to discomfort or urgency to get to the restroom quickly.

Choice B rationale

While instructing the client about signs of orthostatic hypotension is important, it is not within the scope of practice for an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to provide such instructions. This task falls under the responsibility of a licensed nurse.

Choice C rationale

Measuring the client's vital signs before walking helps to assess the client's baseline status and ensures that the client is stable enough to engage in physical activity. Any abnormal readings could indicate the need to postpone or modify the activity.

Choice D rationale

Reporting the onset of any dizziness or light-headedness is crucial for ensuring the client's safety during activity. These symptoms could indicate underlying issues such as orthostatic hypotension or other cardiovascular problems that need to be addressed promptly.

Choice E rationale

Determining if a gait belt is needed ensures that the client receives appropriate support while walking. A gait belt can provide additional stability and help prevent falls, especially for clients with limited tolerance for activity.

A. Blood pressure of 90/79 mm Hg with a pulse pressure less than 40 mm Hg B. Oxygen saturation of 100% on 40% FiO₂ C. Heart rate of 128 beats/minute, sinus tachycardia D. CT scan findings of liver and spleen lacerations with blood in the peritoneum E. Temperature of 96.9°F (36.1°C)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Blood pressure of 90/79 mm Hg with a pulse pressure less than 40 mm Hg is concerning because it indicates hypotension and a narrowed pulse pressure, which can be signs of significant internal bleeding or shock. This requires immediate medical attention to stabilize the client's condition.

Choice B rationale: Oxygen saturation of 100% on 40% FiO₂ is not a critical finding that requires immediate reporting. The client is receiving sufficient oxygen, and the saturation level indicates adequate oxygenation.

Choice C rationale: Heart rate of 128 beats/minute, sinus tachycardia is an important finding because tachycardia can indicate a response to pain, anxiety, hypovolemia, or shock. It needs to be reported to assess and address the underlying cause.

Choice D rationale: CT scan findings of liver and spleen lacerations with blood in the peritoneum are critical because they indicate significant internal injuries and active bleeding. This requires immediate surgical intervention and close monitoring.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with limited tolerance for activity needs to walk in the hallway with assistance. Which instruction(s) should the nurse give to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) who is assisting with the client's care? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Exhibits The nurse is reviewing the client's data. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the primary health care provider immediately? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A client presents to the emergency department (ED) reporting abdominal pain. The nurse observes the client's right cheek and eye are bruised and suspects possible domestic violence. Which approach is best for the nurse to use when interviewing the client?

The mother of a child with cerebral palsy (CP) asks the nurse if her child's impaired movements will worsen as the child grows. Which response provides the best explanation?

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