Serum sickness, which is a Type III Hypersensitivity Reaction, may occur in patients that have received which of the following medications?

Cephalosporin

Epinephrine

Diphenhydramine

Penicillin or Sulfonamide

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Cephalosporin: Though cephalosporins can cause allergic reactions, they are less commonly associated with serum sickness compared to penicillins.
B.   Epinephrine: Epinephrine treats allergic reactions and does not cause serum sickness.
C.   Diphenhydramine: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used to alleviate hypersensitivity reactions.
D.   Penicillin or Sulfonamide: These medications are classic triggers for serum sickness, a delayed hypersensitivity reaction involving immune complex deposition.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Stop the transfusion: The immediate priority is to halt the infusion to prevent further exposure to the offending blood product.
B. Call the blood bank to report the reaction: This is done after the transfusion is stopped and the patient is stabilized.
C. Administer oxygen: Oxygen administration may be required if the patient shows signs of respiratory distress but is not the immediate first action.
D. Call the physician: Notifying the physician is important but only after stopping the transfusion and assessing the client.

A. Request that the surgeon prescribe a different antibiotic. B. Ask the provider to prescribe diphenhydramine as a precaution. C. Confirm with the client that the reaction he had was truly anaphylaxis. D. Administer the medication.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Request that the surgeon prescribe a different antibiotic: Cephalexin is a cephalosporin, and there is a risk of cross-reactivity in clients with a history of anaphylaxis to penicillin.

Ask the provider to prescribe diphenhydramine as a precaution: While antihistamines may alleviate mild allergic reactions, they are not a substitute for avoiding high-risk medications in clients with anaphylaxis history.

Confirm with the client that the reaction he had was truly anaphylaxis: The client's medical record already documents anaphylaxis, which should be taken seriously without further questioning.

Administer the medication: This action disregards the client's history of anaphylaxis to a related drug class.

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Serum sickness, which is a Type III Hypersensitivity Reaction, may occur in patients that have received which of the following medications?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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