A patient is diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis and asks what causes it. The nurse would respond that the destruction of thyroid cells in this condition is due to which of the following?
Antigen-antibody complexes
Autoantibodies
Viral infection
Bacterial infection
The Correct Answer is A
A. Antigen-antibody complexes: These are involved in Type III hypersensitivity reactions, not in Hashimoto thyroiditis.
B. Autoantibodies: Hashimoto thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder where autoantibodies target thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin, leading to inflammation and destruction of thyroid cells.
C. Viral infection: Although some autoimmune conditions may have viral triggers, Hashimoto's is not directly caused by a viral infection.
D. Bacterial infection: Bacterial infections do not cause Hashimoto thyroiditis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Release of memory T-cells: Memory T-cells are involved in Type IV delayed hypersensitivity, not Type I reactions.
B. Organ rejection: Organ rejection is associated with Type IV hypersensitivity reactions, not Type I.
C. Damage to blood vessels: This is more characteristic of Type III hypersensitivity reactions.
D. Release of histamine: Type I hypersensitivity reactions, such as anaphylaxis and allergic rhinitis, are triggered by the release of histamine from mast cells after IgE-mediated sensitization.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"A"}
Explanation
The client is at highest risk for developing Pneumocystis pneumonia due to their CD4 cell count.
Infection: Partially correct; while the client is at risk for various infections due to AIDS, specifying Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) provides a more accurate and common complication in clients with a CD4 count below 200/mm³.
Pneumocystis pneumonia: PCP is a life-threatening opportunistic infection commonly seen in clients with AIDS and a CD4 count below 200/mm³.
Hypokalemia: Potassium levels are within the normal range, making hypokalemia unlikely.
Cardiac dysrhythmias: There are no significant electrolyte imbalances or clinical findings suggesting this condition.
Impaired gas exchange: Although this may be a complication of PCP, there are currently no respiratory symptoms to support this choice.
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