Shaun is anxious about an upcoming soccer game against his team's rivals. In order to reduce his anxiety and prepare for the game, Shaun practices soccer often. Shaun is using
emotion-centered coping
problem-centered coping
transitive inference
attribution retraining
guided participation
The Correct Answer is B
A. Emotion-centered coping: Emotion-centered coping focuses on managing emotional responses (calming oneself), not directly practicing skills.
B. Problem-centered coping: problem-centered coping involves tackling the problem directly (practicing to improve performance), which Shaun is doing.
C. Transitive inference: Transitive inference is a logical reasoning ability (if A>B and B>C, then A>C), unrelated to coping strategies.
D. Attribution retraining: Attribution retraining involves changing how one explains successes/failures, not direct practice to solve the problem.
E. Guided participation: Guided participation involves adult scaffolding of a child’s learning; Shaun is practicing independently, so the best fit is problem-centered coping.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hearing: Newborns have functioning auditory systems (they can hear in utero and respond to sounds), so hearing is relatively well developed at birth.
B. Touch: Touch is functional at birth (infants respond to touch and pain), so it does not require the most postnatal development.
C. Taste: Newborns show taste preferences (e.g., for sweet) and can differentiate tastes soon after birth, so taste is already functional.
D. Vision: Vision is the least developed at birth-acuity, color discrimination, focus, and depth perception mature over weeks to months.
E. Smell: Olfaction is functional at birth (infants can detect and prefer their mother’s scent), so smell is relatively developed.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Behavioral: Behaviorism emphasizes observable behavior shaped by consequences (reinforcement/punishment) and downplays internal mental states; this matches the description.
B. Psychodynamic: Psychodynamic theory emphasizes unconscious motives and inner conflicts, so it does not de-emphasize inner mental states.
C. Social cognitive: Social-cognitive theory includes consequences but also stresses cognitive processes (expectancies, self-efficacy, observational learning), so it doesn’t largely de-emphasize mental states.
D. Attribution: Attribution theory concerns how people explain causes of behavior (internal vs external), focusing on cognitive interpretation, not on consequences shaping behavior.
E. Information processing: Information-processing approaches center on internal mental operations (encoding, storage, retrieval), not on external consequences as the primary shaper.
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