Some older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing because of which problem?
Number of mast cells is insufficient
Circulatory impairment
Underlying chronic illness(es)
Complement and chemotaxis are deficient
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Insufficient mast cell numbers are not a primary cause of impaired healing in older adults. Mast cells contribute to inflammation, but chronic diseases like diabetes disrupt multiple healing pathways more significantly, making this incorrect.
Choice B reason: Circulatory impairment, such as atherosclerosis, can delay healing by limiting oxygen and nutrient delivery. However, it’s often a consequence of chronic illnesses like diabetes, which broadly affect healing, making this less primary than chronic conditions.
Choice C reason: Underlying chronic illnesses, like diabetes or cardiovascular disease, impair inflammation and wound healing in older adults by disrupting immune function, collagen deposition, and perfusion. These prevalent conditions directly impact healing, making this the correct cause.
Choice D reason: Complement and chemotaxis deficiencies occur in specific immunodeficiencies, not commonly in aging. Chronic illnesses like diabetes more consistently impair healing through systemic effects, making this a less likely primary cause.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: A greenstick fracture is an incomplete break where one side of the bone bends, common in children. A complete fracture fully breaks the bone into separate pieces, making this an incorrect comparison to a complete fracture.
Choice B reason: A bone damaged but in one piece describes an incomplete fracture, like a stress or greenstick fracture. A complete fracture involves a full break with separated fragments, making this an incorrect description of a complete fracture.
Choice C reason: A spiral fracture is a type of complete fracture caused by twisting forces, but not all complete fractures are spiral. Complete fractures broadly involve full bone separation, making this a partially correct but overly specific comparison.
Choice D reason: A complete fracture is when the bone is broken all the way through, separating into two or more fragments. This distinguishes it from incomplete fractures, aligning with the definition, making this the correct explanation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Nerve damage from the prosthetic may cause local discomfort, but pain in the entire absent arm suggests phantom limb pain. This is less likely than neural misfiring, so it’s incorrect.
Choice B reason: Heart attack referred pain typically affects the left arm but is unlikely in a prosthetic limb. Phantom limb pain explains pain in the absent arm, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Muscle strain affects existing muscles, not a prosthetic arm. Phantom limb pain, from neural signals in the brain, explains pain in the missing limb, so this is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Phantom limb pain occurs when the brain perceives pain in an amputated limb, common in prosthetic users. This matches Mr. Jones’s pain in his prosthetic arm, making it correct.
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