A person diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes experienced an episode of hunger, lightheadedness, tachycardia, pallor, headache, and confusion. What is the most probable cause of these symptoms?
Dawn phenomenon from eating a snack before bedtime
Hypoglycemia caused by increased exercise
Hyperglycemia caused by incorrect insulin administration
Somogyi effect from insulin sensitivity
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Dawn phenomenon involves morning hyperglycemia, not hunger, tachycardia, or confusion. Hypoglycemia from exercise causes these acute symptoms, so this is incorrect for the described episode in Type 1 diabetes.
Choice B reason: Hypoglycemia, often triggered by increased exercise, causes hunger, lightheadedness, tachycardia, pallor, headache, and confusion due to low blood sugar. This matches the symptoms, making it the correct cause for the patient’s episode.
Choice C reason: Hyperglycemia causes thirst, urination, and fatigue, not tachycardia or confusion. Hypoglycemia from exercise aligns with the acute, neuroglycopenic symptoms described, so this is incorrect for the cause.
Choice D reason: Somogyi effect involves rebound hyperglycemia after nocturnal hypoglycemia, not acute symptoms like hunger and confusion. Exercise-induced hypoglycemia fits the immediate presentation, so this is incorrect for the cause.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Nasal mucosa is a portal of entry for cold viruses, not the primary source of spread. Sneezing propels virus-laden droplets, infecting others, making it the greatest spread mechanism, so this is incorrect for the source.
Choice B reason: Conjunctival surfaces can be an entry point but are not the main source of spread. Sneezing disperses viruses widely through respiratory droplets, driving transmission, so this is incorrect for the greatest source.
Choice C reason: Sneezing is the greatest source of cold virus spread, as it releases aerosolized droplets containing viruses, infecting others via inhalation or surface contact. This is the primary transmission mode, making it the correct choice.
Choice D reason: Fingers spread viruses via fomites, but sneezing generates more widespread droplet transmission. Hand contact is secondary to respiratory spread, so this is incorrect for the greatest source of cold virus spread.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hydration is a treatment, not a complication. Rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, and AKI are complications of crush injuries, with kidney function monitoring essential. This describes an intervention, not a complication, so it’s incorrect.
Choice B reason: Rhabdomyolysis is likely from severe muscle trauma in a crush injury, releasing myoglobin and electrolytes, risking kidney damage. This matches the patient’s injury, making it a correct complication.
Choice C reason: Electrolyte monitoring, especially potassium, is critical due to hyperkalemia risk from muscle breakdown. This can cause arrhythmias, making it a correct selection for complications.
Choice D reason: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in rhabdomyolysis, as myoglobin damages kidneys. Given the crush injury, AKI is likely, making this a correct complication.
Choice E reason: Monitoring kidney function (creatinine, BUN, urine output) detects AKI from rhabdomyolysis. This ensures timely intervention, making it a correct choice for complications.
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